When civilizations meet: conquest, colonies and freedom, seen from both sides, sentence 14
Cree syllabics were developed in the 1840s by the missionary James Evans with Cree speakers, and some Cree tell that the script came from a Cree man; missionaries brought schools and writing but often banned local customs and languages.
Who acts: missionary, Cree, script, missionaries · What happens: develop, tell, come, bring, ban · To what, where: Cree syllabics, 1840s, schools, local customs · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of the lesson «When civilizations meet: conquest, colonies and freedom, seen from both sides» of the history course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (missionary, Cree, script, missionaries), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Cree | cree | NOUN | Number=Sing | 2 syllabics | compound |
| 2 | syllabics | syllabic | NOUN | Number=Plur | 4 developed | nsubj:pass |
| 3 | were | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 4 developed | aux:pass |
| 4 | developed | develop | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | root | root |
| 5 | in | in | ADP | _ | 7 1840s | case |
| 6 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 7 1840s | det |
| 7 | 1840s | 1840 | NOUN | Number=Ptan NumForm=Combi NumType=Card | 4 developed | obl |
| 8 | by | by | ADP | _ | 10 missionary | case |
| 9 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 10 missionary | det |
| 10 | missionary | missionary | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 developed | obl:agent |
| 11 | James | James | PROPN | Number=Sing | 12 Evans | compound |
| 12 | Evans | Evans | PROPN | Number=Sing | 10 missionary | nmod |
| 13 | with | with | ADP | _ | 15 speakers | case |
| 14 | Cree | cree | PROPN | Number=Sing | 15 speakers | compound |
| 15 | speakers | speaker | NOUN | Number=Plur | 12 Evans | nmod |
| 16 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 20 tell | punct |
| 17 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 20 tell | cc |
| 18 | some | some | DET | PronType=Ind | 19 Cree | det |
| 19 | Cree | cree | NOUN | Number=Sing | 20 tell | nsubj |
| 20 | tell | tell | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 4 developed | conj |
| 21 | that | that | SCONJ | _ | 24 came | mark |
| 22 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 23 script | det |
| 23 | script | script | NOUN | Number=Sing | 24 came | nsubj |
| 24 | came | come | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 20 tell | ccomp |
| 25 | from | from | ADP | _ | 28 man | case |
| 26 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 28 man | det |
| 27 | Cree | cree | PROPN | Number=Sing | 28 man | compound |
| 28 | man | man | NOUN | Number=Sing | 24 came | obl |
| 29 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 30 missionaries | punct |
| 30 | missionaries | missionary | NOUN | Number=Plur | 31 brought | nsubj |
| 31 | brought | bring | VERB | Mood=Ind Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 4 developed | conj |
| 32 | schools | school | NOUN | Number=Plur | 31 brought | obj |
| 33 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 34 writing | cc |
| 34 | writing | writing | NOUN | Number=Sing | 32 schools | conj |
| 35 | but | but | CCONJ | _ | 37 banned | cc |
| 36 | often | often | ADV | _ | 37 banned | advmod |
| 37 | banned | ban | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 31 brought | conj |
| 38 | local | local | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 39 customs | amod |
| 39 | customs | custom | NOUN | Number=Plur | 37 banned | obj |
| 40 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 41 languages | cc |
| 41 | languages | language | NOUN | Number=Plur | 39 customs | conj |
| 42 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 4 developed | punct |
Pragmatics
No stored speech act for this sentence.
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | develop | past · passive | the missionary James Evans with Cree speakers | Cree syllabics | the 1840s | vn build-26.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent subject=Product | |||
| 2 | tell speech: assert | present | some Cree | vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V how S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | |||||
| 3 | come | past | the script | from a Cree man | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial_location»: agent=Theme from man=Initial_Location | ||||
| 4 | bring | past | missionaries | schools and writing | vn bring-11.3-1 «NP V NP together»: agent=Agent school=Theme | ||||
| 5 | ban | past | missionaries not said here | local customs and languages | often property | vn forbid-64.4-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Causer custom=Theme |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:history:076-when-civilizations-meet-seen-from-both-sides.lesson:14.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1, R8-pos-agree ×2. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/history/76-when-civilizations-meet-seen-from-both-sides/14/