When civilizations meet: conquest, colonies and freedom, seen from both sides, sentence 3
The story also has peoples who fought back and won, like Ethiopia at Adwa and the Haitians who freed themselves, countries that kept free by clever deals, like Siam, and non-European empires too, like Japan in Korea.
Who acts: story, peoples, Haitians, countries · What happens: have, fight back, win, free, keep · To what, where: peoples, stories
This is a sentence of the lesson «When civilizations meet: conquest, colonies and freedom, seen from both sides» of the history course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (story, peoples, Haitians, countries), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 2 story | det |
| 2 | story | story | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 has | nsubj |
| 3 | also | also | ADV | _ | 4 has | advmod |
| 4 | has | have | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 5 | peoples | people | NOUN | Number=Plur | 4 has | obj |
| 6 | who | who | PRON | PronType=Rel | 7 fought | nsubj |
| 7 | fought | fight | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 5 peoples | acl:relcl |
| 8 | back | back | ADV | _ | 7 fought | advmod |
| 9 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 10 won | cc |
| 10 | won | win | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 7 fought | conj |
| 11 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 13 Ethiopia | punct |
| 12 | like | like | ADP | _ | 13 Ethiopia | case |
| 13 | Ethiopia | Ethiopia | PROPN | Number=Sing | 5 peoples | nmod |
| 14 | at | at | ADP | _ | 15 Adwa | case |
| 15 | Adwa | Adwa | PROPN | Number=Sing | 13 Ethiopia | nmod |
| 16 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 18 Haitians | cc |
| 17 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 18 Haitians | det |
| 18 | Haitians | haitian | PROPN | Number=Plur | 13 Ethiopia | conj |
| 19 | who | who | PRON | PronType=Rel | 20 freed | nsubj |
| 20 | freed | free | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 18 Haitians | acl:relcl |
| 21 | themselves | themselves | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs Reflex=Yes | 20 freed | obj |
| 22 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 23 countries | punct |
| 23 | countries | country | NOUN | Number=Plur | 5 peoples | conj |
| 24 | that | that | PRON | PronType=Rel | 25 kept | nsubj |
| 25 | kept | keep | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 23 countries | acl:relcl |
| 26 | free | free | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 25 kept | xcomp |
| 27 | by | by | ADP | _ | 29 deals | case |
| 28 | clever | clever | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 29 deals | amod |
| 29 | deals | deal | NOUN | Number=Plur | 25 kept | obl |
| 30 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 32 Siam | punct |
| 31 | like | like | ADP | _ | 32 Siam | case |
| 32 | Siam | Siam | PROPN | Number=Sing | 25 kept | obl |
| 33 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 36 empires | punct |
| 34 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 36 empires | cc |
| 35 | non-European | non-European | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 36 empires | amod |
| 36 | empires | empire | NOUN | Number=Plur | 32 Siam | parataxis |
| 37 | too | too | ADV | _ | 25 kept | advmod |
| 38 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 40 Japan | punct |
| 39 | like | like | ADP | _ | 40 Japan | case |
| 40 | Japan | Japan | PROPN | Number=Sing | 25 kept | obl |
| 41 | in | in | ADP | _ | 42 Korea | case |
| 42 | Korea | Korea | PROPN | Number=Sing | 40 Japan | nmod |
| 43 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 4 has | punct |
Pragmatics
No stored speech act for this sentence.
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | have | present | the story | peoples and countries | like Ethiopia at Adwa and the Haitians | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent people=Patient | |||
| 2 | fight back | past | peoples and countries | vn battle-36.4-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | |||||
| 3 | win | past | peoples and countries not said here | vn succeed-74-2 «NP V»: agent=Agent | |||||
| 4 | free | past | the Haitians | stories = story | vn free-10.6.3-1 «NP V NP S_ING»: agent=Causer themselves=Source | ||||
| 5 | keep | past | countries | by clever deals; like Siam; like Japan in Korea; free property | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP PP.location»: agent=Agent by deal=Location |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:history:076-when-civilizations-meet-seen-from-both-sides.lesson:3.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×2, R7-rel-agree ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/history/76-when-civilizations-meet-seen-from-both-sides/3/