What was lost and what was gained: languages, foods, music and knowledge, sentence 9
Fried fish came to Britain with Jewish immigrants from Portugal and Spain; Japanese tempura grew from Portuguese cooking in the 1500s; where chicken tikka masala was first made is argued between Britain and India.
Who acts: Fried fish, Japanese tempura · What happens: fry, come, grow, make, argue · To what, where: Britain, Portuguese cooking, chicken tikka masala
This is a sentence of the lesson «What was lost and what was gained: languages, foods, music and knowledge» of the history course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Fried fish, Japanese tempura), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Fried | fry | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 2 fish | amod |
| 2 | fish | fish | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 came | nsubj |
| 3 | came | come | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 4 | to | to | ADP | _ | 5 Britain | case |
| 5 | Britain | Britain | PROPN | Number=Sing | 3 came | obl |
| 6 | with | with | ADP | _ | 8 immigrants | case |
| 7 | Jewish | Jewish | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 8 immigrants | amod |
| 8 | immigrants | immigrant | NOUN | Number=Plur | 3 came | obl |
| 9 | from | from | ADP | _ | 10 Portugal | case |
| 10 | Portugal | Portugal | PROPN | Number=Sing | 8 immigrants | nmod |
| 11 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 12 Spain | cc |
| 12 | Spain | Spain | PROPN | Number=Sing | 10 Portugal | conj |
| 13 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 16 grew | punct |
| 14 | Japanese | Japanese | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 15 tempura | amod |
| 15 | tempura | Tempura | NOUN | Number=Sing | 16 grew | nsubj |
| 16 | grew | grow | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 3 came | parataxis |
| 17 | from | from | ADP | _ | 19 cooking | case |
| 18 | Portuguese | Portuguese | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 19 cooking | amod |
| 19 | cooking | cooking | NOUN | Number=Sing | 16 grew | obl |
| 20 | in | in | ADP | _ | 22 1500s | case |
| 21 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 22 1500s | det |
| 22 | 1500s | 1500 | NOUN | Number=Ptan NumForm=Combi NumType=Card | 16 grew | obl |
| 23 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 30 made | punct |
| 24 | where | where | ADV | PronType=Rel | 25 chicken | advmod |
| 25 | chicken | chicken | NOUN | Number=Sing | 27 masala | compound |
| 26 | tikka | tikka | NOUN | Number=Sing | 27 masala | compound |
| 27 | masala | masala | NOUN | Number=Sing | 30 made | nsubj:pass |
| 28 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 30 made | aux:pass |
| 29 | first | first | ADV | NumForm=Word NumType=Ord | 30 made | advmod |
| 30 | made | make | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 32 argued | advcl |
| 31 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 32 argued | aux:pass |
| 32 | argued | argue | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 3 came | parataxis |
| 33 | between | between | ADP | _ | 34 Britain | case |
| 34 | Britain | Britain | PROPN | Number=Sing | 32 argued | obl |
| 35 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 36 India | cc |
| 36 | India | India | PROPN | Number=Sing | 34 Britain | conj |
| 37 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 3 came | punct |
Pragmatics
No stored speech act for this sentence.
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | fry | participle | vn cooking-45.3 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient | ||||||
| 2 | come | past | Fried fish | Britain | with Jewish immigrants from Portugal and Spain | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial_location»: agent=Theme to britain=Initial_Location | |||
| 3 | grow | past | Japanese tempura | Portuguese cooking | in the 1500s | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in 1500=Location | |||
| 4 | make | past · passive | chicken tikka masala | first property | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: subject=Product | ||||
| 5 | argue speech: disagree | present · passive | between Britain and India | vn correspond-36.1-1 «NP V» |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:history:077-what-was-lost-and-what-was-gained.lesson:9.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R7-rel-agree ×3, R8-pos-agree ×2. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/history/77-what-was-lost-and-what-was-gained/9/