Worries and hopes: climate, the UN, space, AI, and is the world getting better?, sentence 5
The Earth is about 1.2 to 1.3 °C warmer than in the late 1800s, mainly from burning coal, oil and gas; 2024 was the first calendar year reported above 1.5 °C warmer.
Who acts: Earth, 2024, first calendar year · What happens: be, burn, report · To what, where: coal, first calendar year, ° C, 1.5
This is a sentence of the lesson «Worries and hopes: climate, the UN, space, AI, and is the world getting better?» of the history course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Earth, 2024, first calendar year), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 2 Earth | det |
| 2 | Earth | Earth | PROPN | Number=Sing | 10 warmer | nsubj |
| 3 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 10 warmer | cop |
| 4 | about | about | ADV | _ | 5 1.2 | advmod |
| 5 | 1.2 | 1.2 | NUM | NumForm=Digit NumType=Card | 10 warmer | obl:unmarked |
| 6 | to | to | ADP | _ | 7 1.3 | case |
| 7 | 1.3 | 1.3 | NUM | NumForm=Digit NumType=Frac | 5 1.2 | flat |
| 8 | ° | ° | SYM | _ | 9 C | compound |
| 9 | C | C | PROPN | Number=Sing | 5 1.2 | nmod:unmarked |
| 10 | warmer | warm | ADJ | Degree=Cmp | root | root |
| 11 | than | than | ADP | _ | 15 1800s | case |
| 12 | in | in | ADP | _ | 15 1800s | case |
| 13 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 15 1800s | det |
| 14 | late | late | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 15 1800s | amod |
| 15 | 1800s | 1800 | NOUN | Number=Ptan NumForm=Combi NumType=Card | 10 warmer | obl |
| 16 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 19 burning | punct |
| 17 | mainly | mainly | ADV | _ | 19 burning | advmod |
| 18 | from | from | SCONJ | _ | 19 burning | mark |
| 19 | burning | burn | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 10 warmer | advcl |
| 20 | coal | coal | NOUN | Number=Sing | 19 burning | obj |
| 21 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 22 oil | punct |
| 22 | oil | oil | NOUN | Number=Sing | 20 coal | conj |
| 23 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 24 gas | cc |
| 24 | gas | gas | NOUN | Number=Sing | 22 oil | conj |
| 25 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 26 2024 | punct |
| 26 | 2024 | 2024 | NUM | NumForm=Digit NumType=Card | 31 year | nsubj |
| 27 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 31 year | cop |
| 28 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 31 year | det |
| 29 | first | first | ADJ | Degree=Pos NumForm=Word NumType=Ord | 31 year | amod |
| 30 | calendar | calendar | NOUN | Number=Sing | 31 year | compound |
| 31 | year | year | NOUN | Number=Sing | 10 warmer | parataxis |
| 32 | reported | report | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 31 year | acl |
| 33 | above | above | ADP | _ | 34 1.5 | case |
| 34 | 1.5 | 1.5 | NUM | NumForm=Digit NumType=Frac | 32 reported | obl |
| 35 | ° | ° | SYM | _ | 36 C | compound |
| 36 | C | C | PROPN | Number=Sing | 32 reported | obl |
| 37 | warmer | warm | ADJ | Degree=Cmp | 36 C | amod |
| 38 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 32 reported | punct |
Pragmatics
No stored speech act for this sentence.
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | is | present | the Earth | than the late 1800s; 1.2 ° C obl:unmarked; warm property | tree rules | ||||
| 2 | burn | gerund | the Earth not said here | coal and oil and gas | mainly property | vn light_emission-43.1 «NP V NP.theme»: agent=Agent coal=Theme | |||
| 3 | is a | past | 2024 | the first calendar year | tree rules | ||||
| 4 | report | participle | the first calendar year not said here | ° C | 1.5 | vn characterize-29.2-1-2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:history:079-worries-and-hopes-is-the-world-getting-better.lesson:5.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1, R7-rel-agree ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/history/79-worries-and-hopes-is-the-world-getting-better/5/