How writing began: from tally marks and pictures to the alphabet, sentence 5
The biggest trick came next: using a picture for its SOUND, not its meaning.
Who acts: biggest trick, trick · What happens: come, use, mean · To what, where: picture
This is a sentence of the lesson «How writing began: from tally marks and pictures to the alphabet» of the history course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (biggest trick, trick), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 3 trick | det |
| 2 | biggest | big | ADJ | Degree=Sup | 3 trick | amod |
| 3 | trick | trick | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 came | nsubj |
| 4 | came | come | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 5 | next | next | ADV | _ | 4 came | advmod |
| 6 | : | : | PUNCT | _ | 7 using | punct |
| 7 | using | use | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 4 came | advcl |
| 8 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 9 picture | det |
| 9 | picture | picture | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 using | obj |
| 10 | for | for | ADP | _ | 12 SOUND | case |
| 11 | its | its | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 12 SOUND | nmod:poss |
| 12 | SOUND | sound | NOUN | Number=Sing | 9 picture | nmod |
| 13 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 16 meaning | punct |
| 14 | not | not | PART | Polarity=Neg | 16 meaning | advmod |
| 15 | its | its | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 16 meaning | nmod:poss |
| 16 | meaning | meaning | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 using | obl |
| 17 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 4 came | punct |
Pragmatics
- form
- statement
- act
- narrate
- voice
- narrator
- polarity
- none
- teacher
- kept the draft
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | come | past | the biggest trick | next property | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | ||||
| 2 | use | gerund | the biggest trick not said here | a picture | for trick's SOUND; trick's meaning obl | vn use-105.1 «NP V NP PP.predicate»: agent=Agent picture=Theme for sound=Eventuality | |||
| 3 | mean | trick | nom meaning «communication transitive»: poss=agent |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:history:082-how-writing-began-from-tally-marks-and-pictures-to-the-alphabet.lesson:5.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): no change. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/history/82-how-writing-began-from-tally-marks-and-pictures-to-the-alphabet/5/