How writing began: from tally marks and pictures to the alphabet, sentence 6

From that idea came the alphabet, a small set of letters that can write any word at all, and the letters you are reading now are its great-grandchildren.

Who acts: alphabet, small set, you, letters · What happens: come, write, read, be · To what, where: idea, word, all, letters, great grandchildren

This is a sentence of the lesson «How writing began: from tally marks and pictures to the alphabet» of the history course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (alphabet, small set, you, letters), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	From	from	ADP	_	3 idea	case
2	that	that	DET	Number=Sing PronType=Dem	3 idea	det
3	idea	idea	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 came	obl
4	came	come	VERB	Mood=Ind Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
5	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	6 alphabet	det
6	alphabet	alphabet	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 came	nsubj
7	,	,	PUNCT	_	10 set	punct
8	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	10 set	det
9	small	small	ADJ	Degree=Pos	10 set	amod
10	set	set	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 alphabet	appos
11	of	of	ADP	_	12 letters	case
12	letters	letter	NOUN	Number=Plur	10 set	nmod
13	that	that	PRON	PronType=Rel	15 write	nsubj
14	can	can	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	15 write	aux
15	write	write	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	10 set	acl:relcl
16	any	any	DET	PronType=Ind	17 word	det
17	word	word	NOUN	Number=Sing	15 write	obj
18	at	at	ADP	_	19 all	case
19	all	all	DET	PronType=Tot	15 write	obl
20	,	,	PUNCT	_	32 grandchildren	punct
21	and	and	CCONJ	_	32 grandchildren	cc
22	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	23 letters	det
23	letters	letter	NOUN	Number=Plur	32 grandchildren	nsubj
24	you	you	PRON	Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs	26 reading	nsubj
25	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=2 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	26 reading	aux
26	reading	read	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	23 letters	acl:relcl
27	now	now	ADV	_	26 reading	advmod
28	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	32 grandchildren	cop
29	its	its	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	32 grandchildren	nmod:poss
30	great	great	ADJ	Degree=Pos	32 grandchildren	amod
31	-	-	PUNCT	_	30 great	punct
32	grandchildren	grandchild	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 came	conj
33	.	.	PUNCT	_	4 came	punct

Pragmatics

form: statement
act: assert
voice: narrator
polarity: none
teacher: kept the draft

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	where	when	roles by
1	come	past	the alphabet		that idea		vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial_location»: agent=Theme from idea=Initial_Location
2	write	can	a small set of letters	any word	all		vn scribble-25.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent word=Theme
3	read	present · progressive	you	the letters not said here		now	vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent letter=Topic
4	is a	present	the letters	alphabet's great grandchildren			tree rules

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:history:082-how-writing-began-from-tally-marks-and-pictures-to-the-alphabet.lesson:6.

The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R6-punct-agree ×1, R7-rel-agree ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the release 0.4.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/history/82-how-writing-began-from-tally-marks-and-pictures-to-the-alphabet/6/