What language is: sounds, words and rules everyone shares, sentence 0

Language is a code that a whole group of people shares: sounds (or hand signs, or letters) that stand for meanings, plus rules for putting them together.

Who acts: Language, whole group, sounds, code · What happens: be, share, stand, put · To what, where: code, rules

This is a sentence of the lesson «What language is: sounds, words and rules everyone shares» of the language course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Language, whole group, sounds, code), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Language	language	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 code	nsubj
2	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 code	cop
3	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	4 code	det
4	code	code	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
5	that	that	PRON	PronType=Rel	11 shares	obj
6	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	8 group	det
7	whole	whole	ADJ	Degree=Pos	8 group	amod
8	group	group	NOUN	Number=Sing	11 shares	nsubj
9	of	of	ADP	_	10 people	case
10	people	people	NOUN	Number=Plur	8 group	nmod
11	shares	share	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 code	acl:relcl
12	:	:	PUNCT	_	13 sounds	punct
13	sounds	sound	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 code	appos
14	(	(	PUNCT	_	17 signs	punct
15	or	or	CCONJ	_	17 signs	cc
16	hand	hand	NOUN	Number=Sing	17 signs	compound
17	signs	sign	NOUN	Number=Plur	13 sounds	conj
18	,	,	PUNCT	_	20 letters	punct
19	or	or	CCONJ	_	20 letters	cc
20	letters	letter	NOUN	Number=Plur	17 signs	conj
21	)	)	PUNCT	_	17 signs	punct
22	that	that	PRON	PronType=Rel	23 stand	nsubj
23	stand	stand	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	13 sounds	acl:relcl
24	for	for	ADP	_	25 meanings	case
25	meanings	meaning	NOUN	Number=Plur	23 stand	obl
26	,	,	PUNCT	_	28 rules	punct
27	plus	plus	CCONJ	_	28 rules	cc
28	rules	rule	NOUN	Number=Plur	13 sounds	conj
29	for	for	SCONJ	_	30 putting	mark
30	putting	put	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	4 code	acl
31	them	they	PRON	Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	30 putting	obj
32	together	together	ADV	_	30 putting	advmod
33	.	.	PUNCT	_	4 code	punct

Pragmatics

No stored speech act for this sentence.

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	other	roles by
1	is a	present	Language	a code		tree rules
2	share	present	a whole group of people	a code		tree rules
3	stand	present	sounds or hand signs or letters plus rules		for meanings	vn admire-31.2 «NP V NP PP.attribute»: agent=Experiencer for meaning=Attribute
4	put	gerund	a code not said here	rules = rule	together property	vn invest-13.5.4-1 «NP V PP»: agent=Agent they=Goal

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:language:001-what-language-is-sounds-words-and-rules.lesson:0.

The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×3, R7-rel-agree ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the release 0.4.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/language/1-what-language-is-sounds-words-and-rules/0/