What language is: sounds, words and rules everyone shares, sentence 10

The subject is who or what does the action; the object is who or what the action is done to; Ukrainian shows this mostly with word endings instead of word order.

Who acts: subject, object, Ukrainian · What happens: be, do, show · To what, where: action, this

This is a sentence of the lesson «What language is: sounds, words and rules everyone shares» of the language course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (subject, object, Ukrainian), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 subject	det
2	subject	subject	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 what	nsubj
3	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	6 what	cop
4	who	who	PRON	PronType=Rel	6 what	nsubj
5	or	or	CCONJ	_	6 what	cc
6	what	what	PRON	PronType=Int	root	root
7	does	do	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	6 what	acl:relcl
8	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	9 action	det
9	action	action	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 does	obj
10	;	;	PUNCT	_	14 who	punct
11	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	12 object	det
12	object	object	NOUN	Number=Sing	14 who	nsubj
13	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	14 who	cop
14	who	who	PRON	PronType=Rel	6 what	parataxis
15	or	or	CCONJ	_	20 done	cc
16	what	what	PRON	PronType=Int	20 done	obj
17	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	18 action	det
18	action	action	NOUN	Number=Sing	20 done	nsubj:pass
19	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	20 done	aux:pass
20	done	do	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	14 who	conj
21	to	to	ADP	_	20 done	obl
22	;	;	PUNCT	_	24 shows	punct
23	Ukrainian	Ukrainian	PROPN	Number=Sing	24 shows	nsubj
24	shows	show	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	6 what	parataxis
25	this	this	PRON	Number=Sing PronType=Dem	24 shows	obj
26	mostly	mostly	ADV	_	29 endings	advmod
27	with	with	ADP	_	29 endings	case
28	word	word	NOUN	Number=Sing	29 endings	compound
29	endings	ending	NOUN	Number=Plur	24 shows	obl
30	instead	instead	ADV	ExtPos=ADP	33 order	case
31	of	of	ADP	_	30 instead	fixed
32	word	word	NOUN	Number=Sing	33 order	compound
33	order	order	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 what	obl
34	.	.	PUNCT	_	6 what	punct

Pragmatics

No stored speech act for this sentence.

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	other	roles by
1	is a	present	the subject		instead word order	tree rules
2	do	present		the action		vn act-114-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent action=Eventuality
3	is a	present	the object			tree rules
4	do	present · passive		the action		tree rules
5	show	present	Ukrainian	this	with word endings	vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent this=Recipient

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:language:001-what-language-is-sounds-words-and-rules.lesson:10.

The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): no change. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the release 0.4.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/language/1-what-language-is-sounds-words-and-rules/10/