What language is: sounds, words and rules everyone shares, sentence 14

Babies babble ("ba-ba-ba") long before their first words; it is practice with the sounds of language, and every human group ever found has language.

Who acts: Babies, ba, human group · What happens: babble, be, find, have, word · To what, where: ba ba ba, practice, language

This is a sentence of the lesson «What language is: sounds, words and rules everyone shares» of the language course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Babies, ba, human group), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Babies	baby	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 babble	nsubj
2	babble	babble	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	(	(	PUNCT	_	9 ba	punct
4	"	"	PUNCT	_	9 ba	punct
5	ba	ba	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 ba	compound
6	-	-	PUNCT	_	5 ba	punct
7	ba	ba	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 ba	compound
8	-	-	PUNCT	_	9 ba	punct
9	ba	ba	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 babble	obj
10	"	"	PUNCT	_	9 ba	punct
11	)	)	PUNCT	_	9 ba	punct
12	long	long	ADV	Degree=Pos	2 babble	advmod
13	before	before	ADP	_	16 words	case
14	their	their	PRON	Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	16 words	nmod:poss
15	first	first	ADJ	Degree=Pos NumForm=Word NumType=Ord	16 words	amod
16	words	word	NOUN	Number=Plur	12 long	obl
17	;	;	PUNCT	_	20 practice	punct
18	it	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	20 practice	nsubj
19	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	20 practice	cop
20	practice	practice	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 babble	parataxis
21	with	with	ADP	_	23 sounds	case
22	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	23 sounds	det
23	sounds	sound	NOUN	Number=Plur	20 practice	nmod
24	of	of	ADP	_	25 language	case
25	language	language	NOUN	Number=Sing	23 sounds	nmod
26	,	,	PUNCT	_	33 has	punct
27	and	and	CCONJ	_	33 has	cc
28	every	every	DET	PronType=Tot	30 group	det
29	human	human	ADJ	Degree=Pos	30 group	amod
30	group	group	NOUN	Number=Sing	33 has	nsubj
31	ever	ever	ADV	PronType=Ind	32 found	advmod
32	found	find	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	30 group	acl:relcl
33	has	have	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	20 practice	conj
34	language	language	NOUN	Number=Sing	33 has	obj
35	.	.	PUNCT	_	2 babble	punct

Pragmatics

No stored speech act for this sentence.

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	when	other	roles by
1	babble	present	Babies	ba ba ba		long property	vn manner_speaking-37.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent ba=Topic
2	is a	present	ba	practice		with the sounds of language	tree rules
3	find	past	every human group not said here		ever		vn declare-29.4-1-1 «NP V what S_INF»: agent=Agent
4	have	present	every human group	language			vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent language=Patient
5	word		Babies = baby				nom word «communication transitive»: poss=agent

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:language:001-what-language-is-sounds-words-and-rules.lesson:14.

The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R6-punct-agree ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the release 0.4.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/language/1-what-language-is-sounds-words-and-rules/14/