Grammar puzzles, part one, sentence 11

The pasts of bring, teach, swim, fly and eat are brought, taught, swam, flew and ate; all five are irregular.

Who acts: pasts, five · What happens: bring, teach, swim, fly, eat, be · To what, where: pasts

This is a sentence of the lesson «Grammar puzzles, part one» of the language course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (pasts, five), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 pasts	det
2	pasts	past	NOUN	Number=Plur	14 brought	nsubj:pass
3	of	of	SCONJ	_	4 bring	mark
4	bring	bring	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	2 pasts	acl
5	,	,	PUNCT	_	6 teach	punct
6	teach	teach	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	4 bring	conj
7	,	,	PUNCT	_	8 swim	punct
8	swim	swim	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	2 pasts	conj
9	,	,	PUNCT	_	10 fly	punct
10	fly	fly	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	2 pasts	conj
11	and	and	CCONJ	_	12 eat	cc
12	eat	eat	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	10 fly	conj
13	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	14 brought	aux:pass
14	brought	bring	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	27 irregular	parataxis
15	,	,	PUNCT	_	16 taught	punct
16	taught	teach	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	14 brought	conj
17	,	,	PUNCT	_	18 swam	punct
18	swam	swim	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	14 brought	conj
19	,	,	PUNCT	_	20 flew	punct
20	flew	fly	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	14 brought	conj
21	and	and	CCONJ	_	22 ate	cc
22	ate	eat	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	14 brought	conj
23	;	;	PUNCT	_	27 irregular	punct
24	all	all	DET	PronType=Tot	25 five	det
25	five	five	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	27 irregular	nsubj
26	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	27 irregular	cop
27	irregular	irregular	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
28	.	.	PUNCT	_	14 brought	punct

Pragmatics

form: statement
act: assert
voice: narrator
polarity: none
teacher: kept the draft

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	other	roles by
1	bring	infinitive	the pasts not said here			vn bring-11.3-1 «NP V NP together»: agent=Agent
2	teach speech: other	infinitive	the pasts not said here			vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent
3	swim	infinitive				vn run-51.3.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
4	fly	infinitive				vn spatial_configuration-47.6-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
5	eat	infinitive				vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent
6	bring	present · passive		the pasts		vn bring-11.3-1 «NP V NP together»: subject=Theme
7	teach speech: other	participle				vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent
8	swim	past				vn run-51.3.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
9	fly	past				vn spatial_configuration-47.6-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
10	eat	past				vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent
11	is	present	all five		irregular property	tree rules

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:language:011-grammar-puzzles-part-one.lesson:11.

The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R2-punct-next ×1, R5-strong ×1, R6-punct-agree ×2, R8-pos-agree ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the release 0.4.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/language/11-grammar-puzzles-part-one/11/