Spelling traps: their, there, they're and friends, sentence 12
"I before e except after c" works for receive and believe, but science, weird, their, height, eight, seize and ancient break it; some UK teaching guides advise against teaching it as a rule.
Who acts: UK teaching guides, I, height · What happens: e, work, receive, believe, seize, break · To what, where: height · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of the lesson «Spelling traps: their, there, they're and friends» of the language course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (UK teaching guides, I, height), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 4 e | punct |
| 2 | I | I | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs | 4 e | nsubj |
| 3 | before | before | ADV | _ | 4 e | advmod |
| 4 | e | e | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 5 | except | except | ADP | _ | 9 works | mark |
| 6 | after | after | ADP | _ | 7 c | case |
| 7 | c | c | NOUN | Number=Sing | 9 works | obl |
| 8 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 7 c | punct |
| 9 | works | work | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 4 e | ccomp |
| 10 | for | for | SCONJ | _ | 11 receive | mark |
| 11 | receive | receive | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 9 works | xcomp |
| 12 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 13 believe | cc |
| 13 | believe | believe | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 11 receive | conj |
| 14 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 18 weird | punct |
| 15 | but | but | CCONJ | _ | 18 weird | cc |
| 16 | science | science | NOUN | Number=Sing | 18 weird | obl:unmarked |
| 17 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 16 science | punct |
| 18 | weird | weird | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 4 e | conj |
| 19 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 20 their | punct |
| 20 | their | their | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 22 height | nmod:poss |
| 21 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 20 their | punct |
| 22 | height | height | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 e | obj |
| 23 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 24 eight | punct |
| 24 | eight | eight | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 22 height | appos |
| 25 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 26 seize | punct |
| 26 | seize | seize | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 22 height | acl |
| 27 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 29 break | cc |
| 28 | ancient | ancient | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 29 break | amod |
| 29 | break | break | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 22 height | conj |
| 30 | it | it | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 29 break | obj |
| 31 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 36 advise | punct |
| 32 | some | some | DET | PronType=Ind | 35 guides | det |
| 33 | UK | UK | PROPN | Number=Sing | 35 guides | compound |
| 34 | teaching | teaching | NOUN | Number=Sing | 35 guides | compound |
| 35 | guides | guide | NOUN | Number=Plur | 36 advise | nsubj |
| 36 | advise | advise | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 4 e | conj |
| 37 | against | against | SCONJ | _ | 38 teaching | mark |
| 38 | teaching | teach | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 36 advise | advcl |
| 39 | it | it | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 38 teaching | obj |
| 40 | as | as | ADP | _ | 42 rule | case |
| 41 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 42 rule | det |
| 42 | rule | rule | NOUN | Number=Sing | 38 teaching | obl |
| 43 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 4 e | punct |
Pragmatics
No stored speech act for this sentence.
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | e in a quote | present | some UK teaching guides = guide | means's height | before property | tree rules | |||
| 2 | work | present | I not said here | after c | vn use-105.1 «NP V NP S_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Eventuality | ||||
| 3 | receive | infinitive | I not said here | vn obtain-13.5.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent | |||||
| 4 | believe | infinitive | I not said here | vn admire-31.2 «NP V that S»: agent=Experiencer | |||||
| 5 | seize | infinitive | means's height not said here | vn obtain-13.5.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent | |||||
| 6 | break | present | I not said here | height | vn hurt-40.8.3-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer it=Patient | ||||
| 7 | advise speech: other | present | some UK teaching guides | vn advise-37.9-1 «NP V PP.topic»: agent=Agent | |||||
| 8 | teach speech: other | gerund | some UK teaching guides not said here | height | as a rule | vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent it=Recipient |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:language:012-spelling-traps-their-there-theyre.lesson:12.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×2, R6-punct-agree ×2, R8-pos-agree ×2. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/language/12-spelling-traps-their-there-theyre/12/