Punctuation that changes meaning, sentence 12

In texting, a full stop after a short word can look cold or annoyed, especially to younger people; one study found texts ending with a full stop seemed less friendly.

Who acts: full stop, one study, texts · What happens: look, find, end, seem · To what, where: texting · Speech: someone speaks here

This is a sentence of the lesson «Punctuation that changes meaning» of the language course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (full stop, one study, texts), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	In	in	ADP	_	2 texting	case
2	texting	texting	NOUN	Number=Sing	12 look	obl
3	,	,	PUNCT	_	2 texting	punct
4	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	6 stop	det
5	full	full	ADJ	Degree=Pos	6 stop	amod
6	stop	stop	NOUN	Number=Sing	12 look	nsubj
7	after	after	ADP	_	10 word	case
8	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	10 word	det
9	short	short	ADJ	Degree=Pos	10 word	amod
10	word	word	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 stop	nmod
11	can	can	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	12 look	aux
12	look	look	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	root	root
13	cold	cold	ADJ	Degree=Pos	12 look	xcomp
14	or	or	CCONJ	_	15 annoyed	cc
15	annoyed	annoyed	ADJ	Degree=Pos	13 cold	conj
16	,	,	PUNCT	_	20 people	punct
17	especially	especially	ADV	_	20 people	advmod
18	to	to	ADP	_	20 people	case
19	younger	young	ADJ	Degree=Cmp	20 people	amod
20	people	people	NOUN	Number=Plur	12 look	obl
21	;	;	PUNCT	_	25 texts	punct
22	one	one	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	23 study	nummod
23	study	study	NOUN	Number=Sing	24 found	nsubj
24	found	find	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	12 look	parataxis
25	texts	text	NOUN	Number=Plur	31 seemed	nsubj
26	ending	end	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	25 texts	acl
27	with	with	ADP	_	30 stop	case
28	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	30 stop	det
29	full	full	ADJ	Degree=Pos	30 stop	amod
30	stop	stop	NOUN	Number=Sing	26 ending	obl
31	seemed	seem	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	24 found	ccomp
32	less	less	ADV	Degree=Cmp	33 friendly	advmod
33	friendly	friendly	ADJ	Degree=Pos	31 seemed	xcomp
34	.	.	PUNCT	_	12 look	punct

Pragmatics

form: statement
act: assert
voice: narrator
polarity: neg
hedged: yes
teacher: kept the draft

#	verb	tense, mood	who	where	other	roles by
1	look	can	a full stop after a short word	texting	to younger people; cold property	vn stimulus_subject-30.4 «NP V ADJ PP.experiencer»: agent=Stimulus to people=Experiencer
2	find	past	one study			vn declare-29.4-1-1 «NP V what S_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Theme
3	end	gerund	texts not said here		with a full stop	vn stop-55.4-1-1 «NP V NP.eventuality PP.subeventuality»: agent=Affector with stop=Subeventuality
4	seem	past	texts		friendly property	vn seem-109-1-1-1 «NP V S_INF»: agent=Theme

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:language:014-punctuation-that-changes-meaning.lesson:12.

The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): no change. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the release 0.4.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/language/14-punctuation-that-changes-meaning/12/