Punctuation that changes meaning, sentence 13
In formal writing one exclamation mark is enough, and only when it's really needed.
What happens: be, need · To what, where: study, one exclamation mark
This is a sentence of the lesson «Punctuation that changes meaning» of the language course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | In | in | ADP | _ | 6 mark | case |
| 2 | formal | formal | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 3 writing | amod |
| 3 | writing | writing | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 one | compound |
| 4 | one | one | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 6 mark | nummod |
| 5 | exclamation | exclamation | NOUN | Number=Sing | 6 mark | compound |
| 6 | mark | mark | NOUN | Number=Sing | 16 needed | obl |
| 7 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 8 enough | cop |
| 8 | enough | enough | ADJ | Degree=Pos | root | root |
| 9 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 16 needed | punct |
| 10 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 16 needed | cc |
| 11 | only | only | ADV | _ | 16 needed | advmod |
| 12 | when | when | ADV | PronType=Int | 16 needed | advmod |
| 13 | it | it | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 16 needed | nsubj:pass |
| 14 | 's | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 16 needed | aux:pass |
| 15 | really | really | ADV | _ | 16 needed | advmod |
| 16 | needed | need | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 8 enough | conj |
| 17 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 8 enough | punct |
Pragmatics
No stored speech act for this sentence.
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | is | present | enough property | tree rules | |||||
| 2 | need | present · passive | study | one exclamation mark | vn want-32.1-1-1 «NP V NP ADV»: subject=Theme |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:language:014-punctuation-that-changes-meaning.lesson:13.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R2-punct-next ×1, R5-strong ×2, R8-pos-agree ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/language/14-punctuation-that-changes-meaning/13/