The apostrophe war, sentence 4
Some questions have two accepted answers: James's book and James' book are both used, and even famous places disagree: St James' Park in Newcastle, St James's Park in London; pick one style and stick to it, and copy official names exactly.
Who acts: questions, famous places · What happens: have, accept, use, disagree, pick, stick · To what, where: two accepted answers, book, one style, style, official names
This is a sentence of the lesson «The apostrophe war» of the language course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (questions, famous places), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Some | some | DET | PronType=Ind | 2 questions | det |
| 2 | questions | question | NOUN | Number=Plur | 3 have | nsubj |
| 3 | have | have | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 4 | two | two | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 6 answers | nummod |
| 5 | accepted | accept | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 6 answers | amod |
| 6 | answers | answer | NOUN | Number=Plur | 3 have | obj |
| 7 | : | : | PUNCT | _ | 3 have | punct |
| 8 | James | James | PROPN | Number=Sing | 10 book | nmod:poss |
| 9 | 's | 's | PART | _ | 8 James | case |
| 10 | book | book | NOUN | Number=Sing | 17 used | nsubj:pass |
| 11 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 14 book | cc |
| 12 | James | James | PROPN | Number=Sing | 14 book | nmod:poss |
| 13 | ' | 's | PART | _ | 12 James | case |
| 14 | book | book | NOUN | Number=Sing | 10 book | conj |
| 15 | are | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 17 used | aux:pass |
| 16 | both | both | ADV | _ | 17 used | advmod |
| 17 | used | use | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 3 have | parataxis |
| 18 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 23 disagree | punct |
| 19 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 23 disagree | cc |
| 20 | even | even | ADV | _ | 21 famous | advmod |
| 21 | famous | famous | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 22 places | amod |
| 22 | places | place | NOUN | Number=Plur | 23 disagree | nsubj |
| 23 | disagree | disagree | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 3 have | conj |
| 24 | : | : | PUNCT | _ | 28 Park | punct |
| 25 | St | St | PROPN | Number=Sing | 26 James | nmod:desc |
| 26 | James | James | PROPN | Number=Sing | 28 Park | nmod:poss |
| 27 | ' | 's | PART | _ | 26 James | case |
| 28 | Park | Park | PROPN | Number=Sing | 23 disagree | parataxis |
| 29 | in | in | ADP | _ | 30 Newcastle | case |
| 30 | Newcastle | Newcastle | PROPN | Number=Sing | 28 Park | nmod |
| 31 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 35 Park | punct |
| 32 | St | St | PROPN | Number=Sing | 33 James | nmod:desc |
| 33 | James | James | PROPN | Number=Sing | 35 Park | nmod:poss |
| 34 | 's | 's | PART | _ | 33 James | case |
| 35 | Park | Park | PROPN | Number=Sing | 28 Park | appos |
| 36 | in | in | ADP | _ | 37 London | case |
| 37 | London | London | PROPN | Number=Sing | 35 Park | nmod |
| 38 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 39 pick | punct |
| 39 | pick | pick | VERB | Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin | 3 have | conj |
| 40 | one | one | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 41 style | nummod |
| 41 | style | style | NOUN | Number=Sing | 39 pick | obj |
| 42 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 43 stick | cc |
| 43 | stick | stick | VERB | Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin | 39 pick | conj |
| 44 | to | to | ADP | _ | 45 it | case |
| 45 | it | it | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 43 stick | obl |
| 46 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 48 copy | punct |
| 47 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 48 copy | cc |
| 48 | copy | copy | VERB | Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin | 39 pick | conj |
| 49 | official | official | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 50 names | amod |
| 50 | names | name | NOUN | Number=Plur | 48 copy | obj |
| 51 | exactly | exactly | ADV | _ | 48 copy | advmod |
| 52 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 3 have | punct |
Pragmatics
- form
- statement
- act
- narrate
- voice
- narrator
- polarity
- none
- teacher
- kept the draft
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | have | present | some questions | two accepted answers | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent answer=Patient | ||||
| 2 | accept | participle | vn obtain-13.5.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent | ||||||
| 3 | use | present · passive | James's book and James's book | both property | vn eat-39.1 «NP V NP»: subject=Patient | ||||
| 4 | disagree | present | famous places | vn correspond-36.1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | |||||
| 5 | pick | infinitive | some questions not said here | one style | vn chew-39.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent style=Patient | ||||
| 6 | stick | infinitive | some questions not said here | style | vn shake-22.3-2 «NP V NP PP»: agent=Agent to it=Co-Patient | ||||
| 7 | copy | infinitive | some questions not said here | official names | exactly property | vn scribble-25.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent name=Theme |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:language:015-the-apostrophe-war.lesson:4.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×2. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/language/15-the-apostrophe-war/4/