Slang and how it changes with every generation, sentence 14

"Nice" comes from Latin "nescius", not knowing; in Middle English it meant silly or foolish, later shy, then fussy, and now pleasant.

Who acts: Nice, toque · What happens: come, not know, mean · To what, where: nescius, Latin

This is a sentence of the lesson «Slang and how it changes with every generation» of the language course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Nice, toque), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	"	"	PUNCT	_	2 Nice	punct
2	Nice	Nice	PROPN	Number=Sing	4 comes	nsubj
3	"	"	PUNCT	_	2 Nice	punct
4	comes	come	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
5	from	from	ADP	_	6 Latin	case
6	Latin	Latin	PROPN	Number=Sing	4 comes	obl
7	"	"	PUNCT	_	8 nescius	punct
8	nescius	nescius	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 comes	obl
9	"	"	PUNCT	_	8 nescius	punct
10	,	,	PUNCT	_	12 knowing	punct
11	not	not	PART	Polarity=Neg	12 knowing	advmod
12	knowing	know	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	4 comes	advcl
13	;	;	PUNCT	_	16 English	punct
14	in	in	ADP	_	16 English	case
15	Middle	Middle	PROPN	Number=Sing	16 English	compound
16	English	English	PROPN	Number=Sing	18 meant	obl
17	it	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	18 meant	nsubj
18	meant	mean	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	4 comes	parataxis
19	silly	silly	ADJ	Degree=Pos	18 meant	xcomp
20	or	or	CCONJ	_	21 foolish	cc
21	foolish	foolish	ADJ	Degree=Pos	19 silly	conj
22	,	,	PUNCT	_	24 shy	punct
23	later	late	ADV	Degree=Cmp	24 shy	advmod
24	shy	shy	ADJ	Degree=Pos	19 silly	conj
25	,	,	PUNCT	_	27 fussy	punct
26	then	then	ADV	PronType=Dem	27 fussy	advmod
27	fussy	fussy	ADJ	Degree=Pos	19 silly	conj
28	,	,	PUNCT	_	31 pleasant	punct
29	and	and	CCONJ	_	31 pleasant	cc
30	now	now	ADV	PronType=Dem	31 pleasant	advmod
31	pleasant	pleasant	ADJ	Degree=Pos	19 silly	conj
32	.	.	PUNCT	_	4 comes	punct

Pragmatics

form: statement
act: assert
voice: narrator
polarity: none
teacher: changed form=decl, voice=narrator

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	where	other	roles by
1	come	present	Nice	nescius	Latin		vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial_location»: agent=Theme from latin=Initial_Location
2	not know	gerund	Nice not said here				vn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Experiencer
3	mean	past	toque			in Middle English; silly property	vn representation-110.1 «NP V NP PP.attribute»: agent=Pivot in english=Attribute

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:language:017-slang-and-how-it-changes-with-every-generation.lesson:14.

The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R6-punct-agree ×1, R7-rel-agree ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the release 0.4.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/language/17-slang-and-how-it-changes-with-every-generation/14/