Where English came from, sentence 10

In 1066 the Normans from France conquered England; for about 300 years the rulers mostly spoke French, while most people kept speaking English.

Who acts: Normans, rulers, most people · What happens: conquer, speak, keep · To what, where: England, 1066, French, English · Speech: someone speaks here

This is a sentence of the lesson «Where English came from» of the language course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Normans, rulers, most people), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	In	in	ADP	_	2 1066	case
2	1066	1066	NUM	NumForm=Digit NumType=Card	7 conquered	obl
3	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	4 Normans	det
4	Normans	Norman	PROPN	Number=Plur	7 conquered	nsubj
5	from	from	ADP	_	6 France	case
6	France	France	PROPN	Number=Sing	4 Normans	nmod
7	conquered	conquer	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
8	England	England	PROPN	Number=Sing	7 conquered	obj
9	;	;	PUNCT	_	13 years	punct
10	for	for	ADP	_	13 years	case
11	about	about	ADV	_	12 300	advmod
12	300	300	NUM	NumForm=Digit NumType=Card	13 years	nummod
13	years	year	NOUN	Number=Plur	17 spoke	obl
14	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	15 rulers	det
15	rulers	ruler	NOUN	Number=Plur	17 spoke	nsubj
16	mostly	mostly	ADV	_	17 spoke	advmod
17	spoke	speak	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	7 conquered	parataxis
18	French	French	PROPN	Number=Sing	17 spoke	obj
19	,	,	PUNCT	_	23 kept	punct
20	while	while	SCONJ	_	23 kept	mark
21	most	most	ADJ	Degree=Sup	22 people	amod
22	people	people	NOUN	Number=Plur	23 kept	nsubj
23	kept	keep	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	17 spoke	advcl
24	speaking	speak	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	23 kept	xcomp
25	English	English	PROPN	Number=Sing	24 speaking	obj
26	.	.	PUNCT	_	7 conquered	punct

Pragmatics

form: statement
act: assert
voice: narrator
polarity: none
teacher: kept the draft

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	conquer	past	the Normans from France	England	1066			vn subjugate-42.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent england=Patient
2	speak speech: other	past	the rulers	French		year	mostly property	tree rules
3	keep	past	most people					tree rules
4	speak speech: other	gerund	most people not said here	English				tree rules

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:language:022-where-english-came-from.lesson:10.

The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R7-rel-agree ×1, R8-pos-agree ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the release 0.4.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/language/22-where-english-came-from/10/