Where English came from, sentence 5
Your great-great-great-grandparents' English already sounded a bit different from yours, and your grandchildren's English will sound a bit different again.
Who acts: English · What happens: sound
This is a sentence of the lesson «Where English came from» of the language course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (English), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Your | your | PRON | Case=Gen Person=2 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 8 grandparents | nmod:poss |
| 2 | great | great | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 8 grandparents | amod |
| 3 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 2 great | punct |
| 4 | great | great | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 8 grandparents | amod |
| 5 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 4 great | punct |
| 6 | great | great | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 8 grandparents | amod |
| 7 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 6 great | punct |
| 8 | grandparents | grandparent | NOUN | Number=Plur | 10 English | nmod:poss |
| 9 | ' | 's | PART | _ | 8 grandparents | case |
| 10 | English | English | PROPN | Number=Sing | 12 sounded | nsubj |
| 11 | already | already | ADV | _ | 12 sounded | advmod |
| 12 | sounded | sound | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 13 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 14 bit | det |
| 14 | bit | bit | NOUN | Number=Sing | 15 different | obl:unmarked |
| 15 | different | different | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 12 sounded | xcomp |
| 16 | from | from | ADP | _ | 17 yours | case |
| 17 | yours | your | PRON | Person=2 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 15 different | obl |
| 18 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 25 sound | punct |
| 19 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 25 sound | cc |
| 20 | your | your | PRON | Case=Gen Person=2 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 21 grandchildren | nmod:poss |
| 21 | grandchildren | grandchild | NOUN | Number=Plur | 23 English | nmod:poss |
| 22 | 's | 's | PART | _ | 21 grandchildren | case |
| 23 | English | English | PROPN | Number=Sing | 25 sound | nsubj |
| 24 | will | will | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 25 sound | aux |
| 25 | sound | sound | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 12 sounded | conj |
| 26 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 27 bit | det |
| 27 | bit | bit | NOUN | Number=Sing | 28 different | obl:unmarked |
| 28 | different | different | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 25 sound | xcomp |
| 29 | again | again | ADV | _ | 25 sound | advmod |
| 30 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 12 sounded | punct |
Pragmatics
No stored speech act for this sentence.
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | sound | past | Your great great great grandparents's English | different property | vn stimulus_subject-30.4 «NP V ADJ»: agent=Stimulus | ||||
| 2 | sound | future | your grandchildren's English | again | different property | vn stimulus_subject-30.4 «NP V ADJ»: agent=Stimulus |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:language:022-where-english-came-from.lesson:5.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/language/22-where-english-came-from/5/