Borrowed words from far away: Hindi, Arabic, Chinese, Ukrainian and more, sentence 16
From Japanese came "tsunami" (harbour wave), "emoji" (picture + character) and "karaoke" (empty orchestra).
Who acts: tsunami · What happens: come · To what, where: Japanese
This is a sentence of the lesson «Borrowed words from far away: Hindi, Arabic, Chinese, Ukrainian and more» of the language course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (tsunami), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | From | from | ADP | _ | 2 Japanese | case |
| 2 | Japanese | Japanese | PROPN | Number=Sing | 3 came | obl |
| 3 | came | come | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 4 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 5 tsunami | punct |
| 5 | tsunami | tsunami | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 came | nsubj |
| 6 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 5 tsunami | punct |
| 7 | ( | ( | PUNCT | _ | 9 wave | punct |
| 8 | harbour | harbour | NOUN | Number=Sing | 9 wave | compound |
| 9 | wave | wave | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 tsunami | appos |
| 10 | ) | ) | PUNCT | _ | 9 wave | punct |
| 11 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 13 emoji | punct |
| 12 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 13 emoji | punct |
| 13 | emoji | emoji | NOUN | Number=Sing | 9 wave | appos |
| 14 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 13 emoji | punct |
| 15 | ( | ( | PUNCT | _ | 16 picture | punct |
| 16 | picture | picture | NOUN | Number=Sing | 13 emoji | appos |
| 17 | + | + | SYM | _ | 18 character | cc |
| 18 | character | character | NOUN | Number=Sing | 16 picture | conj |
| 19 | ) | ) | PUNCT | _ | 16 picture | punct |
| 20 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 22 karaoke | cc |
| 21 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 22 karaoke | punct |
| 22 | karaoke | karaoke | NOUN | Number=Sing | 9 wave | conj |
| 23 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 22 karaoke | punct |
| 24 | ( | ( | PUNCT | _ | 26 orchestra | punct |
| 25 | empty | empty | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 26 orchestra | amod |
| 26 | orchestra | orchestra | NOUN | Number=Sing | 22 karaoke | appos |
| 27 | ) | ) | PUNCT | _ | 26 orchestra | punct |
| 28 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 3 came | punct |
Pragmatics
No stored speech act for this sentence.
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | come | past | tsunami | Japanese | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial_location»: agent=Theme from japanese=Initial_Location |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:language:024-borrowed-words-from-far-away.lesson:16.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×2, R6-punct-agree ×2, R7-rel-agree ×2. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/language/24-borrowed-words-from-far-away/16/