Verbs: doing words and being words, sentence 7
Be is the most common verb in English; its forms include am, is, are, was and were; have and seem are other verbs that show little action.
Who acts: Be, forms, other verbs · What happens: be, include, have, seem, show, form · To what, where: common verb, English, am, other verbs, little action
This is a sentence of the lesson «Verbs: doing words and being words» of the language course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Be, forms, other verbs), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Be | be | NOUN | Number=Sing | 6 verb | nsubj |
| 2 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 6 verb | cop |
| 3 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 6 verb | det |
| 4 | most | most | ADV | Degree=Sup | 5 common | advmod |
| 5 | common | common | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 6 verb | amod |
| 6 | verb | verb | NOUN | Number=Sing | root | root |
| 7 | in | in | ADP | _ | 8 English | case |
| 8 | English | English | PROPN | Number=Sing | 6 verb | nmod |
| 9 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 12 include | punct |
| 10 | its | its | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 11 forms | nmod:poss |
| 11 | forms | form | NOUN | Number=Plur | 12 include | nsubj |
| 12 | include | include | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 6 verb | parataxis |
| 13 | am | am | NOUN | Number=Sing | 12 include | obj |
| 14 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 15 is | punct |
| 15 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 17 are | cop |
| 16 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 15 is | punct |
| 17 | are | be | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 12 include | conj |
| 18 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 17 are | punct |
| 19 | was | be | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 17 are | ccomp |
| 20 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 21 were | cc |
| 21 | were | be | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 19 was | conj |
| 22 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 23 have | punct |
| 23 | have | have | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 17 are | parataxis |
| 24 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 25 seem | cc |
| 25 | seem | seem | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 23 have | conj |
| 26 | are | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 28 verbs | cop |
| 27 | other | other | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 28 verbs | amod |
| 28 | verbs | verb | NOUN | Number=Plur | 25 seem | obj |
| 29 | that | that | PRON | PronType=Rel | 30 show | nsubj |
| 30 | show | show | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 28 verbs | acl:relcl |
| 31 | little | little | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 32 action | amod |
| 32 | action | action | NOUN | Number=Sing | 30 show | obj |
| 33 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 6 verb | punct |
Pragmatics
No stored speech act for this sentence.
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | is a | present | Be | the common verb | English | tree rules | |||
| 2 | include | present | Be's forms | am | vn involve-107.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent am=Theme | ||||
| 3 | is | present | Be's forms not said here | be property | tree rules | ||||
| 4 | be | past | Be's forms not said here | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | |||||
| 5 | be | past | Be's forms not said here | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | |||||
| 6 | have | present | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent | ||||||
| 7 | seem | present | vn seem-109-1-1-1 «NP V S_INF»: agent=Theme | ||||||
| 8 | is a | present | other verbs | tree rules | |||||
| 9 | show | present | other verbs | little action | vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent action=Recipient | ||||
| 10 | form | Be | nom form «communication transitive»: poss=agent |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:language:003-verbs-doing-words-and-being-words.lesson:7.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R6-punct-agree ×2, R7-rel-agree ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/language/3-verbs-doing-words-and-being-words/7/