Texting, abbreviations and emoji, sentence 10
In 2015 the Oxford Dictionaries "Word of the Year" was an emoji, 😂, the face with tears of joy, because it was the most used that year.
Who acts: Oxford Dictionaries, face · What happens: be · To what, where: emoji, 2015
This is a sentence of the lesson «Texting, abbreviations and emoji» of the language course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Oxford Dictionaries, face), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | In | in | ADP | _ | 2 2015 | case |
| 2 | 2015 | 2015 | NUM | NumForm=Digit NumType=Card | 14 emoji | obl |
| 3 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 5 Dictionaries | det |
| 4 | Oxford | Oxford | PROPN | Number=Sing | 5 Dictionaries | compound |
| 5 | Dictionaries | dictionary | NOUN | Number=Plur | 14 emoji | nsubj |
| 6 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 7 Word | punct |
| 7 | Word | Word | PROPN | Number=Sing | 5 Dictionaries | appos |
| 8 | of | of | ADP | _ | 10 Year | case |
| 9 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 10 Year | det |
| 10 | Year | Year | PROPN | Number=Sing | 7 Word | nmod |
| 11 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 7 Word | punct |
| 12 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 14 emoji | cop |
| 13 | an | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 14 emoji | det |
| 14 | emoji | emoji | NOUN | Number=Sing | root | root |
| 15 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 16 😂 | punct |
| 16 | 😂 | 😂 | PRON | Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs | 14 emoji | discourse |
| 17 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 19 face | punct |
| 18 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 19 face | det |
| 19 | face | face | NOUN | Number=Sing | 14 emoji | appos |
| 20 | with | with | ADP | _ | 21 tears | case |
| 21 | tears | tear | NOUN | Number=Plur | 19 face | nmod |
| 22 | of | of | ADP | _ | 23 joy | case |
| 23 | joy | joy | NOUN | Number=Sing | 21 tears | nmod |
| 24 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 30 used | punct |
| 25 | because | because | SCONJ | _ | 30 used | mark |
| 26 | it | it | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 30 used | nsubj |
| 27 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 30 used | cop |
| 28 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 30 used | det |
| 29 | most | most | ADV | Degree=Sup | 30 used | advmod |
| 30 | used | use | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 14 emoji | advcl |
| 31 | that | that | DET | PronType=Dem | 32 year | det |
| 32 | year | year | NOUN | Number=Sing | 30 used | obl:unmarked |
| 33 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 14 emoji | punct |
Pragmatics
No stored speech act for this sentence.
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | is a | past | the Oxford Dictionaries | a emoji | 2015 | tree rules | |||
| 2 | is | past | face | year | use property | tree rules |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:language:030-texting-abbreviations-and-emoji.lesson:10.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×2, R6-punct-agree ×3, R8-pos-agree ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/language/30-texting-abbreviations-and-emoji/10/