French compared with English, sentence 7
False friends look like English words but mean something different: "pain" means bread, "coin" means corner, "librairie" means bookshop and "raisin" means grape.
Who acts: False friends, pain, coin, librairie · What happens: look, mean · To what, where: something, bread, corner, bookshop, grape
This is a sentence of the lesson «French compared with English» of the language course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (False friends, pain, coin, librairie), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | False | false | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 2 friends | amod |
| 2 | friends | friend | NOUN | Number=Plur | 3 look | nsubj |
| 3 | look | look | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 4 | like | like | ADP | _ | 6 words | case |
| 5 | English | English | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 6 words | amod |
| 6 | words | word | NOUN | Number=Plur | 3 look | obl |
| 7 | but | but | CCONJ | _ | 8 mean | cc |
| 8 | mean | mean | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 3 look | conj |
| 9 | something | something | PRON | Number=Sing PronType=Ind | 8 mean | obj |
| 10 | different | different | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 9 something | amod |
| 11 | : | : | PUNCT | _ | 15 means | punct |
| 12 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 13 pain | punct |
| 13 | pain | pain | NOUN | Number=Sing | 15 means | nsubj |
| 14 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 13 pain | punct |
| 15 | means | mean | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 3 look | parataxis |
| 16 | bread | bread | NOUN | Number=Sing | 15 means | obj |
| 17 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 21 means | punct |
| 18 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 19 coin | punct |
| 19 | coin | coin | NOUN | Number=Sing | 21 means | nsubj |
| 20 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 19 coin | punct |
| 21 | means | mean | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 15 means | parataxis |
| 22 | corner | corner | NOUN | Number=Sing | 21 means | obj |
| 23 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 22 corner | punct |
| 24 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 25 librairie | punct |
| 25 | librairie | librairie | NOUN | Number=Sing | 27 means | nsubj |
| 26 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 25 librairie | punct |
| 27 | means | mean | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 21 means | parataxis |
| 28 | bookshop | bookshop | NOUN | Number=Sing | 27 means | obj |
| 29 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 31 raisin | cc |
| 30 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 31 raisin | punct |
| 31 | raisin | raisin | NOUN | Number=Sing | 25 librairie | conj |
| 32 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 31 raisin | punct |
| 33 | means | mean | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 27 means | conj |
| 34 | grape | grape | NOUN | Number=Sing | 33 means | obj |
| 35 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 3 look | punct |
Pragmatics
- form
- statement
- act
- narrate
- voice
- narrator
- polarity
- none
- teacher
- kept the draft
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | look | present | False friends | like English words | vn stimulus_subject-30.4 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Stimulus | ||||
| 2 | mean | present | False friends not said here | something | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent something=Topic | ||||
| 3 | mean | present | pain | bread | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent bread=Topic | ||||
| 4 | mean | present | coin | corner | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent corner=Topic | ||||
| 5 | mean | present | librairie and raisin | bookshop | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent bookshop=Topic | ||||
| 6 | mean | present | librairie and raisin not said here | grape | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent grape=Topic |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:language:035-french-compared-with-english.lesson:7.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R6-punct-agree ×2, R8-pos-agree ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/language/35-french-compared-with-english/7/