Grammar puzzles, part two, sentence 11
"Rhythm", "myth", "gym", "fly" and "sky" have no a, e, i, o or u; in them the letter y does the job of a vowel.
Who acts: Rhythm, i, letter y, vowel · What happens: have, o, do, job · To what, where: a, job
This is a sentence of the lesson «Grammar puzzles, part two» of the language course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Rhythm, i, letter y, vowel), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 2 Rhythm | punct |
| 2 | Rhythm | rhythm | NOUN | Number=Sing | 20 have | nsubj |
| 3 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 2 Rhythm | punct |
| 4 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 6 myth | punct |
| 5 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 6 myth | punct |
| 6 | myth | myth | NOUN | Number=Sing | 2 Rhythm | conj |
| 7 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 6 myth | punct |
| 8 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 10 gym | punct |
| 9 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 10 gym | punct |
| 10 | gym | gym | NOUN | Number=Sing | 2 Rhythm | conj |
| 11 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 10 gym | punct |
| 12 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 2 Rhythm | punct |
| 13 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 14 fly | punct |
| 14 | fly | fly | NOUN | Number=Sing | 20 have | nsubj |
| 15 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 14 fly | punct |
| 16 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 18 sky | cc |
| 17 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 18 sky | punct |
| 18 | sky | sky | NOUN | Number=Sing | 14 fly | conj |
| 19 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 18 sky | punct |
| 20 | have | have | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 21 | no | no | DET | PronType=Neg | 22 a | det |
| 22 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 20 have | obj |
| 23 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 28 o | punct |
| 24 | e | e | INTJ | _ | 28 o | discourse |
| 25 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 26 i | punct |
| 26 | i | I | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs | 28 o | nsubj |
| 27 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 26 i | punct |
| 28 | o | o | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 20 have | conj |
| 29 | or | or | CCONJ | _ | 30 u | cc |
| 30 | u | you | PRON | Abbr=Yes Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs | 28 o | conj |
| 31 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 33 them | punct |
| 32 | in | in | ADP | _ | 33 them | case |
| 33 | them | they | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 37 does | obl |
| 34 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 36 y | det |
| 35 | letter | letter | NOUN | Number=Sing | 36 y | compound |
| 36 | y | y | NOUN | Number=Sing | 37 does | nsubj |
| 37 | does | do | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 20 have | parataxis |
| 38 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 39 job | det |
| 39 | job | job | NOUN | Number=Sing | 37 does | obj |
| 40 | of | of | ADP | _ | 42 vowel | case |
| 41 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 42 vowel | det |
| 42 | vowel | vowel | NOUN | Number=Sing | 39 job | nmod |
| 43 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 20 have | punct |
Pragmatics
- form
- statement
- act
- assert
- voice
- narrator
- polarity
- none
- teacher
- kept the draft
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | have | present | Rhythm and myth and gym | a | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent a=Patient | ||||
| 2 | o | present | i | tree rules | |||||
| 3 | do | present | the letter y | the job of a vowel | in fly | vn act-114-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent job=Eventuality | |||
| 4 | job | a vowel | nom job «act intransitive»: of=agent |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:language:036-grammar-puzzles-part-two.lesson:11.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1, R6-punct-agree ×2, R7-rel-agree ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/language/36-grammar-puzzles-part-two/11/