Grammar puzzles, part two, sentence 5
In the active voice the doer comes first: "The cat chased the mouse"; in the passive voice the thing the action is done to comes first, and "by" shows the doer: "The mouse was chased by the cat".
Who acts: doer, cat, thing · What happens: come, chase, do to, show · To what, where: active voice, mouse, action, passive voice, doer · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of the lesson «Grammar puzzles, part two» of the language course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (doer, cat, thing), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | In | in | ADP | _ | 4 voice | case |
| 2 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 4 voice | det |
| 3 | active | active | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 4 voice | amod |
| 4 | voice | voice | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 comes | obl |
| 5 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 6 doer | det |
| 6 | doer | doer | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 comes | nsubj |
| 7 | comes | come | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 8 | first | first | ADV | NumForm=Word NumType=Ord | 7 comes | advmod |
| 9 | : | : | PUNCT | _ | 13 chased | punct |
| 10 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 13 chased | punct |
| 11 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 12 cat | det |
| 12 | cat | cat | NOUN | Number=Sing | 13 chased | nsubj |
| 13 | chased | chase | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 7 comes | conj |
| 14 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 15 mouse | det |
| 15 | mouse | mouse | NOUN | Number=Sing | 13 chased | obj |
| 16 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 13 chased | punct |
| 17 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 21 voice | punct |
| 18 | in | in | ADP | _ | 21 voice | case |
| 19 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 21 voice | det |
| 20 | passive | passive | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 21 voice | amod |
| 21 | voice | voice | NOUN | Number=Sing | 29 comes | obl |
| 22 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 23 thing | det |
| 23 | thing | thing | NOUN | Number=Sing | 29 comes | nsubj |
| 24 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 25 action | det |
| 25 | action | action | NOUN | Number=Sing | 27 done | nsubj:pass |
| 26 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 27 done | aux:pass |
| 27 | done | do | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 23 thing | acl:relcl |
| 28 | to | to | ADP | _ | 27 done | compound:prt |
| 29 | comes | come | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 7 comes | conj |
| 30 | first | first | ADV | NumForm=Word NumType=Ord | 29 comes | advmod |
| 31 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 36 shows | punct |
| 32 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 36 shows | cc |
| 33 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 34 by | punct |
| 34 | by | by | SCONJ | _ | 36 shows | mark |
| 35 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 34 by | punct |
| 36 | shows | show | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 7 comes | conj |
| 37 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 38 doer | det |
| 38 | doer | doer | NOUN | Number=Sing | 36 shows | obj |
| 39 | : | : | PUNCT | _ | 44 chased | punct |
| 40 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 44 chased | punct |
| 41 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 42 mouse | det |
| 42 | mouse | mouse | NOUN | Number=Sing | 44 chased | nsubj:pass |
| 43 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 44 chased | aux:pass |
| 44 | chased | chase | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 38 doer | acl:relcl |
| 45 | by | by | ADP | _ | 47 cat | case |
| 46 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 47 cat | det |
| 47 | cat | cat | NOUN | Number=Sing | 44 chased | obl |
| 48 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 44 chased | punct |
| 49 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 7 comes | punct |
Pragmatics
No stored speech act for this sentence.
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | come | present | the doer | the active voice | first property | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in voice=Location | |||
| 2 | chase in a quote | past | the cat | the mouse | vn chase-51.6 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent mouse=Theme | ||||
| 3 | do to | present · passive | the thing not said here | the action | vn act-114-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Eventuality | ||||
| 4 | come | present | the thing | the passive voice | first property | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in voice=Location | |||
| 5 | show | present | the doer not said here | the doer | vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent doer=Recipient | ||||
| 6 | chase in a quote | past · passive | the cat | the mouse | vn chase-51.6 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent subject=Theme |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:language:036-grammar-puzzles-part-two.lesson:5.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R6-punct-agree ×3. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/language/36-grammar-puzzles-part-two/5/