Building words: prefixes, suffixes and compounds, sentence 11

Back-formation means making a new word by chopping off what looks like an ending: "burgle" was made from "burglar", and "edit" from "editor".

Who acts: Back formation, new word · What happens: mean, make, chop off, look · To what, where: new word, burgle, burglar

This is a sentence of the lesson «Building words: prefixes, suffixes and compounds» of the language course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Back formation, new word), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Back	back	NOUN	_	3 formation	compound
2	-	-	PUNCT	_	3 formation	punct
3	formation	formation	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 means	nsubj
4	means	mean	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
5	making	make	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	4 means	xcomp
6	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	8 word	det
7	new	new	ADJ	Degree=Pos	8 word	amod
8	word	word	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 making	obj
9	by	by	SCONJ	_	10 chopping	mark
10	chopping	chop	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	8 word	acl
11	off	off	ADP	_	10 chopping	compound:prt
12	what	what	PRON	PronType=Int	13 looks	nsubj
13	looks	look	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	10 chopping	parataxis
14	like	like	ADP	_	16 ending	case
15	an	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	16 ending	det
16	ending	ending	NOUN	Number=Sing	13 looks	obl
17	:	:	PUNCT	_	4 means	punct
18	"	"	PUNCT	_	19 burgle	punct
19	burgle	burgle	NOUN	Number=Sing	22 made	nsubj:pass
20	"	"	PUNCT	_	19 burgle	punct
21	was	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	22 made	aux:pass
22	made	make	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	4 means	parataxis
23	from	from	ADP	_	25 burglar	case
24	"	"	PUNCT	_	25 burglar	punct
25	burglar	burglar	NOUN	Number=Sing	22 made	obl
26	"	"	PUNCT	_	25 burglar	punct
27	,	,	PUNCT	_	30 edit	punct
28	and	and	CCONJ	_	30 edit	cc
29	"	"	PUNCT	_	30 edit	punct
30	edit	edit	NOUN	Number=Sing	25 burglar	conj
31	"	"	PUNCT	_	30 edit	punct
32	from	from	ADP	_	34 editor	case
33	"	"	PUNCT	_	34 editor	punct
34	editor	editor	NOUN	Number=Sing	30 edit	nmod
35	"	"	PUNCT	_	34 editor	punct
36	.	.	PUNCT	_	4 means	punct

Pragmatics

No stored speech act for this sentence.

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	where	other	roles by
1	mean	present	Back formation				vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic
2	make not said to happen	gerund	Back formation not said here	a new word			vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset word=Product
3	chop off	gerund	a new word not said here				vn carve-21.2-2 «NP V ADVP-Middle»: agent=Patient
4	look	present				like a ending	vn stimulus_subject-30.4 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Stimulus
5	make	past · passive		burgle	burglar and edit from editor		vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V PP»: subject=Product from burglar=Material

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:language:037-building-words-prefixes-suffixes-and-compounds.lesson:11.

The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R7-rel-agree ×1, R8-pos-agree ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the release 0.4.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/language/37-building-words-prefixes-suffixes-and-compounds/11/