Adjectives and adverbs: describing things and actions, sentence 17

Literally first meant exactly, really happening; for hundreds of years writers, Charles Dickens among them, have also used it just to make things stronger, and some dictionaries list both meanings.

Who acts: writers, dictionaries · What happens: mean, happen, use, make, list · To what, where: bare, things, meanings

This is a sentence of the lesson «Adjectives and adverbs: describing things and actions» of the language course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (writers, dictionaries), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Literally	literally	ADV	_	3 meant	advmod
2	first	first	ADV	NumForm=Word NumType=Ord	3 meant	advmod
3	meant	mean	VERB	Mood=Ind Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	22 used	advcl
4	exactly	exactly	ADV	_	3 meant	advmod
5	,	,	PUNCT	_	7 happening	punct
6	really	really	ADV	_	7 happening	advmod
7	happening	happen	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	3 meant	advcl
8	;	;	PUNCT	_	13 writers	punct
9	for	for	ADP	_	10 hundreds	case
10	hundreds	hundred	NOUN	Number=Plur	22 used	obl
11	of	of	ADP	_	12 years	case
12	years	year	NOUN	Number=Plur	10 hundreds	nmod
13	writers	writer	NOUN	Number=Plur	22 used	nsubj
14	,	,	PUNCT	_	15 Charles	punct
15	Charles	Charles	PROPN	Number=Sing	13 writers	appos
16	Dickens	Dickens	PROPN	Number=Sing	15 Charles	flat
17	among	among	ADP	_	18 them	case
18	them	they	PRON	Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	15 Charles	nmod
19	,	,	PUNCT	_	3 meant	punct
20	have	have	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	22 used	aux
21	also	also	ADV	_	22 used	advmod
22	used	use	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part	root	root
23	it	it	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	22 used	obj
24	just	just	ADV	_	26 make	advmod
25	to	to	PART	_	26 make	mark
26	make	make	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	22 used	advcl
27	things	thing	NOUN	Number=Plur	26 make	obj
28	stronger	strong	ADJ	Degree=Cmp	26 make	xcomp
29	,	,	PUNCT	_	33 list	punct
30	and	and	CCONJ	_	33 list	cc
31	some	some	DET	PronType=Ind	32 dictionaries	det
32	dictionaries	dictionary	NOUN	Number=Plur	33 list	nsubj
33	list	list	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	22 used	conj
34	both	both	DET	PronType=Tot	35 meanings	det
35	meanings	meaning	NOUN	Number=Plur	33 list	obj
36	.	.	PUNCT	_	3 meant	punct

Pragmatics

form: statement
act: assert
voice: narrator
polarity: none
teacher: kept the draft

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	other	roles by
1	mean	past	writers not said here		exactly, first, literally property	vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent
2	happen	gerund	writers not said here			vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
3	use	present · perfect	writers	bare	for hundreds of years	vn use-105.1 «NP V NP PP.predicate»: agent=Agent it=Theme for hundred=Eventuality
4	make	to-infinitive	writers not said here	things	strong property	vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset thing=Product
5	list	present	some dictionaries	both meanings		tree rules

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:language:004-adjectives-and-adverbs.lesson:17.

The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R6-punct-agree ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the release 0.4.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/language/4-adjectives-and-adverbs/17/