Starving, a million times and a ton: everyday hyperbole, sentence 12

«Literally» is often used just to make words stronger, as in «I was literally flying»; people have used it like this for a long time, and it does not make the words true.

Who acts: piece, people, ton · What happens: use, make, fly, not make · To what, where: words, ton

This is a sentence of the lesson «Starving, a million times and a ton: everyday hyperbole» of the language course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (piece, people, ton), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	«	«	PUNCT	_	2 Literally	punct
2	Literally	literally	ADV	_	6 used	nsubj
3	»	»	PUNCT	_	2 Literally	punct
4	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	6 used	aux:pass
5	often	often	ADV	_	6 used	advmod
6	used	use	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
7	just	just	ADV	_	9 make	advmod
8	to	to	PART	_	9 make	mark
9	make	make	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	6 used	advcl
10	words	word	NOUN	Number=Plur	9 make	obj
11	stronger	strong	ADJ	Degree=Cmp	9 make	xcomp
12	,	,	PUNCT	_	20 »	punct
13	as	as	SCONJ	_	19 flying	mark
14	in	in	ADP	_	13 as	fixed
15	«	«	PUNCT	_	19 flying	punct
16	I	I	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs	19 flying	nsubj
17	was	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	19 flying	aux
18	literally	literally	ADV	_	19 flying	advmod
19	flying	fly	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	6 used	obl
20	»	»	PUNCT	_	19 flying	punct
21	;	;	PUNCT	_	6 used	punct
22	people	people	NOUN	Number=Plur	24 used	nsubj
23	have	have	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	24 used	aux
24	used	use	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	6 used	parataxis
25	it	it	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	24 used	obj
26	like	like	ADP	_	27 this	case
27	this	this	PRON	Number=Sing PronType=Dem	24 used	obl
28	for	for	ADP	_	31 time	case
29	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	31 time	det
30	long	long	ADJ	Degree=Pos	31 time	amod
31	time	time	NOUN	Number=Sing	24 used	obl
32	,	,	PUNCT	_	37 make	punct
33	and	and	CCONJ	_	37 make	cc
34	it	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	37 make	nsubj
35	does	do	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	37 make	aux
36	not	not	PART	Polarity=Neg	37 make	advmod
37	make	make	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	24 used	conj
38	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	39 words	det
39	words	word	NOUN	Number=Plur	37 make	obj
40	true	true	ADJ	Degree=Pos	37 make	xcomp
41	.	.	PUNCT	_	6 used	punct

Pragmatics

No stored speech act for this sentence.

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	when	other	roles by
1	use	present · passive				often property	vn eat-39.1 «NP V NP»: subject=Patient
2	make	to-infinitive		words		strong property	vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset word=Product
3	fly in a quote	past · progressive	a piece of fruit until tea = piece			literally property	vn spatial_configuration-47.6-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
4	use	present · perfect	people	ton	time	like this	vn eat-39.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent it=Patient
5	not make	present · do-support	ton	the words		true property	vn build-26.1-1 «NP.material V NP»: agent=Material word=Product

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:language:044-starving-a-million-times-and-a-ton-everyday-hyperbole.lesson:12.

The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R7-rel-agree ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the release 0.4.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/language/44-starving-a-million-times-and-a-ton-everyday-hyperbole/12/