Sarcasm, hyperbole and understatement side by side, sentence 2
Picture one wet bus stop with the bus twenty minutes late: Ruby says «This bus is NEVER coming», her brother Jack says «Oh brilliant, best day ever», and their gran says «Bit of a wait, eh».
Who acts: you, Ruby, bus, brother, gran · What happens: picture, say, not come · To what, where: one wet bus stop · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of the lesson «Sarcasm, hyperbole and understatement side by side» of the language course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (you, Ruby, bus, brother), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Picture | picture | VERB | Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 2 | one | one | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 5 stop | nummod |
| 3 | wet | wet | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 5 stop | amod |
| 4 | bus | bus | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 stop | compound |
| 5 | stop | stop | NOUN | Number=Sing | 1 Picture | obj |
| 6 | with | with | ADP | _ | 8 bus | case |
| 7 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 8 bus | det |
| 8 | bus | bus | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 stop | nmod |
| 9 | twenty | twenty | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 10 minutes | nummod |
| 10 | minutes | minute | NOUN | Number=Plur | 11 late | obl:unmarked |
| 11 | late | late | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 8 bus | amod |
| 12 | : | : | PUNCT | _ | 14 says | punct |
| 13 | Ruby | Ruby | PROPN | Number=Sing | 14 says | nsubj |
| 14 | says | say | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 1 Picture | parataxis |
| 15 | « | « | PUNCT | _ | 20 coming | punct |
| 16 | This | this | DET | Number=Sing PronType=Dem | 17 bus | det |
| 17 | bus | bus | NOUN | Number=Sing | 20 coming | nsubj |
| 18 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 20 coming | aux |
| 19 | NEVER | never | ADV | PronType=Neg | 20 coming | advmod |
| 20 | coming | come | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 14 says | ccomp |
| 21 | » | » | PUNCT | _ | 20 coming | punct |
| 22 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 26 says | punct |
| 23 | her | her | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 24 brother | nmod:poss |
| 24 | brother | brother | NOUN | Number=Sing | 26 says | nsubj |
| 25 | Jack | Jack | PROPN | Number=Sing | 24 brother | appos |
| 26 | says | say | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 14 says | parataxis |
| 27 | « | « | PUNCT | _ | 26 says | punct |
| 28 | Oh | oh | INTJ | _ | 29 brilliant | discourse |
| 29 | brilliant | brilliant | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 32 day | amod |
| 30 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 32 day | punct |
| 31 | best | good | ADJ | Degree=Sup | 32 day | amod |
| 32 | day | day | NOUN | Number=Sing | 1 Picture | obl:unmarked |
| 33 | ever | ever | ADV | PronType=Ind | 32 day | advmod |
| 34 | » | » | PUNCT | _ | 32 day | punct |
| 35 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 39 says | punct |
| 36 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 39 says | cc |
| 37 | their | their | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 38 gran | nmod:poss |
| 38 | gran | gran | NOUN | Number=Sing | 39 says | nsubj |
| 39 | says | say | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 1 Picture | parataxis |
| 40 | « | « | PUNCT | _ | 41 Bit | punct |
| 41 | Bit | Bit | NOUN | Number=Sing | 39 says | nsubj |
| 42 | of | of | ADP | _ | 44 wait | case |
| 43 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 44 wait | det |
| 44 | wait | wait | NOUN | Number=Sing | 41 Bit | nmod |
| 45 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 47 » | punct |
| 46 | eh | eh | INTJ | _ | 47 » | discourse |
| 47 | » | » | PUNCT | _ | 41 Bit | punct |
| 48 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 1 Picture | punct |
Pragmatics
No stored speech act for this sentence.
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | picture | imperative | you not said here | one wet bus stop | day | with the bus | vn characterize-29.2 «NP V NP S_ING»: agent=Agent stop=Theme | ||
| 2 | say speech: assert | present | Ruby | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | |||||
| 3 | not come in a quote | present · progressive | this bus | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | |||||
| 4 | say speech: assert | present | Ruby's brother | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent | |||||
| 5 | say speech: assert | present | things's gran | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:language:052-sarcasm-hyperbole-and-understatement-side-by-side.lesson:2.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×2, R6-punct-agree ×4. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/language/52-sarcasm-hyperbole-and-understatement-side-by-side/2/