Tenses: past, present and future, sentence 12

The present perfect (I've eaten) links the past to now; the simple past (I ate) tells of a finished time; Americans often say "Did you eat yet?" where British speakers say "Have you eaten yet?"

Who acts: I, present perfect, simple past, Americans, you, British speakers · What happens: eat, link, tell, finish, say · To what, where: past, simple past · Speech: someone speaks here

This is a sentence of the lesson «Tenses: past, present and future» of the language course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (I, present perfect, simple past, Americans), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	3 perfect	det
2	present	present	ADJ	Degree=Pos	3 perfect	amod
3	perfect	perfect	ADJ	Degree=Pos	9 links	nsubj
4	(	(	PUNCT	_	7 eaten	punct
5	I	I	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs	7 eaten	nsubj
6	've	have	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	7 eaten	aux
7	eaten	eat	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part	3 perfect	advcl
8	)	)	PUNCT	_	7 eaten	punct
9	links	link	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
10	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	11 past	det
11	past	past	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 links	obj
12	to	to	ADP	_	13 now	case
13	now	now	ADV	_	9 links	obl
14	;	;	PUNCT	_	22 tells	punct
15	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	17 past	det
16	simple	simple	ADJ	Degree=Pos	17 past	amod
17	past	past	NOUN	Number=Sing	22 tells	nsubj
18	(	(	PUNCT	_	20 ate	punct
19	I	I	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs	20 ate	nsubj
20	ate	eat	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	17 past	acl:relcl
21	)	)	PUNCT	_	20 ate	punct
22	tells	tell	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	9 links	parataxis
23	of	of	ADP	_	26 time	case
24	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	26 time	det
25	finished	finish	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	26 time	amod
26	time	time	NOUN	Number=Sing	22 tells	obl
27	;	;	PUNCT	_	30 say	punct
28	Americans	American	PROPN	Number=Plur	30 say	nsubj
29	often	often	ADV	_	30 say	advmod
30	say	say	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	9 links	parataxis
31	"	"	PUNCT	_	34 eat	punct
32	Did	do	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=2 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	34 eat	aux
33	you	you	PRON	Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs	34 eat	nsubj
34	eat	eat	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	30 say	ccomp
35	yet	yet	ADV	_	34 eat	advmod
36	?	?	PUNCT	_	34 eat	punct
37	"	"	PUNCT	_	34 eat	punct
38	where	where	ADV	PronType=Rel	41 say	advmod
39	British	British	ADJ	Degree=Pos	40 speakers	amod
40	speakers	speaker	NOUN	Number=Plur	41 say	nsubj
41	say	say	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	34 eat	parataxis
42	"	"	PUNCT	_	45 eaten	punct
43	Have	have	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=2 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	45 eaten	aux
44	you	you	PRON	Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs	45 eaten	nsubj
45	eaten	eat	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part	41 say	ccomp
46	yet	yet	ADV	_	45 eaten	advmod
47	?	?	PUNCT	_	9 links	punct
48	"	"	PUNCT	_	9 links	punct

Pragmatics

form: statement
act: assert
voice: narrator
polarity: none
teacher: changed form=decl, act=assert, voice=narrator

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	when	other	roles by
1	eat	present · perfect	I				vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent
2	link	present	the present perfect	the past			vn mix-22.1-2-1 «NP V NP PP.co-patient»: agent=Agent past=Patient to now=Co-Patient
3	eat	past	I	the simple past not said here			vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent past=Patient
4	tell speech: assert	present	the simple past		time		vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent
5	finish	participle					vn stop-55.4-1-1 «NP.eventuality V»: agent=Eventuality
6	say speech: ask	present	Americans			often property	vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic
7	eat in a quote	past · do-support	you		yet		tree rules
8	say speech: ask	present	British speakers				vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic
9	eat in a quote	present · perfect	you		yet		vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:language:008-tenses-past-present-future.lesson:12.

The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R2-punct-next ×1, R6-punct-agree ×1, R7-rel-agree ×3, R8-pos-agree ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the release 0.4.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/language/8-tenses-past-present-future/12/