Irregular verbs: goed, brung and other brave mistakes, sentence 9

Many irregular verbs have become regular over hundreds of years; reach once had an old past form like "raught" and now just says reached.

Who acts: Many irregular verbs, reach · What happens: become, have, say, reach · To what, where: old past form · Speech: someone speaks here

This is a sentence of the lesson «Irregular verbs: goed, brung and other brave mistakes» of the language course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Many irregular verbs, reach), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Many	many	ADJ	Degree=Pos	3 verbs	amod
2	irregular	irregular	ADJ	Degree=Pos	3 verbs	amod
3	verbs	verb	NOUN	Number=Plur	5 become	nsubj
4	have	have	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	5 become	aux
5	become	become	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part	root	root
6	regular	regular	ADJ	Degree=Pos	5 become	xcomp
7	over	over	ADP	_	8 hundreds	case
8	hundreds	hundred	NOUN	Number=Plur	6 regular	obl
9	of	of	ADP	_	10 years	case
10	years	year	NOUN	Number=Plur	8 hundreds	nmod
11	;	;	PUNCT	_	14 had	punct
12	reach	reach	NOUN	Number=Sing	14 had	nsubj
13	once	once	ADV	NumForm=Word NumType=Mult	14 had	advmod
14	had	have	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	5 become	parataxis
15	an	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	18 form	det
16	old	old	ADJ	Degree=Pos	18 form	amod
17	past	past	ADJ	Degree=Pos	18 form	amod
18	form	form	NOUN	Number=Sing	14 had	obj
19	like	like	ADP	_	21 raught	case
20	"	"	PUNCT	_	21 raught	punct
21	raught	raught	NOUN	Number=Sing	18 form	nmod
22	"	"	PUNCT	_	21 raught	punct
23	and	and	CCONJ	_	26 says	cc
24	now	now	ADV	PronType=Dem	26 says	advmod
25	just	just	ADV	_	26 says	advmod
26	says	say	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	14 had	conj
27	reached	reach	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	26 says	ccomp
28	.	.	PUNCT	_	5 become	punct

Pragmatics

form: statement
act: assert
voice: narrator
polarity: none
teacher: changed form=decl, voice=narrator

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	when	other	roles by
1	become	present · perfect	Many irregular verbs			regular property	vn become-109.1-1-1 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Patient
2	have	past	reach	a old past form		like raught; once property	vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent form=Patient
3	say speech: assert	present	reach not said here		now		vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic
4	reach	participle					vn body_motion-49.2-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:language:009-irregular-verbs-goed-brung-and-brave-mistakes.lesson:9.

The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1, R7-rel-agree ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the release 0.4.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/language/9-irregular-verbs-goed-brung-and-brave-mistakes/9/