Vaccinations and why, sentence 12

Herd immunity means that when most people are immune, a germ can't spread easily, protecting those who can't be vaccinated; for measles about 95 in every 100 people need to be immune.

Who acts: Herd immunity, most people, germ, 95 · What happens: mean, be, not spread, protect, not vaccinate, need · To what, where: those, measles · Speech: someone speaks here

This is a sentence of the lesson «Vaccinations and why» of the medicine course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Herd immunity, most people, germ, 95), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Herd	herd	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 immunity	compound
2	immunity	immunity	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 means	nsubj
3	means	mean	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	that	that	SCONJ	_	15 spread	mark
5	when	when	ADV	PronType=Int	9 immune	advmod
6	most	most	ADJ	Degree=Sup	7 people	amod
7	people	people	NOUN	Number=Plur	9 immune	nsubj
8	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	9 immune	cop
9	immune	immune	ADJ	Degree=Pos	15 spread	advcl
10	,	,	PUNCT	_	9 immune	punct
11	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	12 germ	det
12	germ	germ	NOUN	Number=Sing	15 spread	nsubj
13	ca	can	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	15 spread	aux
14	n't	not	PART	Polarity=Neg	15 spread	advmod
15	spread	spread	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	3 means	ccomp
16	easily	easily	ADV	_	15 spread	advmod
17	,	,	PUNCT	_	18 protecting	punct
18	protecting	protect	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	15 spread	advcl
19	those	that	PRON	Number=Plur PronType=Dem	18 protecting	obj
20	who	who	PRON	PronType=Rel	24 vaccinated	nsubj
21	ca	can	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	24 vaccinated	aux
22	n't	not	PART	Polarity=Neg	24 vaccinated	advmod
23	be	be	AUX	VerbForm=Inf	24 vaccinated	aux:pass
24	vaccinated	vaccinate	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	19 those	acl:relcl
25	;	;	PUNCT	_	27 measles	punct
26	for	for	ADP	_	27 measles	case
27	measles	measle	NOUN	Number=Plur	24 vaccinated	obj
28	about	about	ADV	_	29 95	advmod
29	95	95	NUM	NumForm=Digit NumType=Card	34 need	nsubj
30	in	in	ADP	_	33 people	case
31	every	every	DET	PronType=Tot	33 people	det
32	100	100	NUM	NumForm=Digit NumType=Card	33 people	nummod
33	people	people	NOUN	Number=Plur	29 95	nmod
34	need	need	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	24 vaccinated	advcl
35	to	to	PART	_	37 immune	mark
36	be	be	AUX	VerbForm=Inf	37 immune	cop
37	immune	immune	ADJ	Degree=Pos	34 need	xcomp
38	.	.	PUNCT	_	3 means	punct

Pragmatics

No stored speech act for this sentence.

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	other	roles by
1	mean	present	Herd immunity			vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic
2	is	present	most people		immune property	tree rules
3	not spread	can	a germ		easily property	vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
4	protect	gerund	a germ not said here	those		vn defend-72.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent that=Beneficiary
5	not vaccinate	can · passive		measles		tree rules
6	need	present	95 in every 100 people			vn want-32.1-1-1 «NP V NP ADJ»: agent=Pivot
7	is not said to happen	to-infinitive	95 in every 100 people not said here		immune property	tree rules

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:medicine:029-vaccinations-and-why.lesson:12.

The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): no change. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the release 0.4.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/medicine/29-vaccinations-and-why/12/