Germs, the immune system and hand-washing, sentence 5
Germs include bacteria, viruses and fungi; most bacteria are harmless or helpful, and your gut holds trillions of useful ones.
Who acts: Germs, most bacteria, gut · What happens: include, be, hold · To what, where: bacteria, trillions
This is a sentence of the lesson «Germs, the immune system and hand-washing» of the medicine course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Germs, most bacteria, gut), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Germs | germ | NOUN | Number=Plur | 2 include | nsubj |
| 2 | include | include | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 3 | bacteria | bacterium | NOUN | Number=Plur | 2 include | obj |
| 4 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 5 viruses | punct |
| 5 | viruses | virus | NOUN | Number=Plur | 3 bacteria | conj |
| 6 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 7 fungi | cc |
| 7 | fungi | fungus | NOUN | Number=Plur | 5 viruses | conj |
| 8 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 10 bacteria | punct |
| 9 | most | most | ADJ | Degree=Sup | 10 bacteria | amod |
| 10 | bacteria | bacterium | NOUN | Number=Plur | 12 harmless | nsubj |
| 11 | are | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 12 harmless | cop |
| 12 | harmless | harmless | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 2 include | parataxis |
| 13 | or | or | CCONJ | _ | 14 helpful | cc |
| 14 | helpful | helpful | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 12 harmless | conj |
| 15 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 19 holds | punct |
| 16 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 19 holds | cc |
| 17 | your | your | PRON | Case=Gen Person=2 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 18 gut | nmod:poss |
| 18 | gut | gut | NOUN | Number=Sing | 19 holds | nsubj |
| 19 | holds | hold | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 12 harmless | conj |
| 20 | trillions | trillion | NOUN | Number=Plur | 19 holds | obj |
| 21 | of | of | ADP | _ | 23 ones | case |
| 22 | useful | useful | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 23 ones | amod |
| 23 | ones | one | NOUN | Number=Plur | 20 trillions | nmod |
| 24 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 2 include | punct |
Pragmatics
- form
- statement
- act
- assert
- voice
- narrator
- polarity
- none
- teacher
- kept the draft
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | include | present | Germs | bacteria and viruses and fungi | vn involve-107.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent bacterium=Theme | ||||
| 2 | is | present | most bacteria | harmless property | tree rules | ||||
| 3 | be | most bacteria not said here | tree rules | ||||||
| 4 | hold | present | your gut | trillions of useful ones | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent trillion=Theme |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:medicine:030-germs-the-immune-system-and-hand-washing.lesson:5.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R7-rel-agree ×1, R8-pos-agree ×2. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/medicine/30-germs-the-immune-system-and-hand-washing/5/