Warming up, stitches and cramp, sentence 14
Cramp is a muscle suddenly tightening and not relaxing; tired, overworked muscles cramp more easily, and it is usually not a tear; it usually passes in minutes, though the muscle can ache afterwards.
Who acts: Cramp, muscle, tired overworked muscles · What happens: be, tighten, not relaxing, cramp, not be, pass · To what, where: muscle, tear
This is a sentence of the lesson «Warming up, stitches and cramp» of the medicine course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Cramp, muscle, tired overworked muscles), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Cramp | cramp | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 muscle | nsubj |
| 2 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 4 muscle | cop |
| 3 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 4 muscle | det |
| 4 | muscle | muscle | NOUN | Number=Sing | root | root |
| 5 | suddenly | suddenly | ADV | _ | 6 tightening | advmod |
| 6 | tightening | tighten | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 4 muscle | acl |
| 7 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 9 relaxing | cc |
| 8 | not | not | PART | Polarity=Neg | 9 relaxing | advmod |
| 9 | relaxing | relaxing | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 6 tightening | conj |
| 10 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 11 tired | punct |
| 11 | tired | tired | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 14 muscles | amod |
| 12 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 13 overworked | punct |
| 13 | overworked | overwork | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 14 muscles | amod |
| 14 | muscles | muscle | NOUN | Number=Plur | 15 cramp | nsubj |
| 15 | cramp | cramp | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 4 muscle | parataxis |
| 16 | more | more | ADV | Degree=Cmp | 17 easily | advmod |
| 17 | easily | easily | ADV | _ | 15 cramp | advmod |
| 18 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 25 tear | punct |
| 19 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 25 tear | cc |
| 20 | it | it | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 25 tear | nsubj |
| 21 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 25 tear | cop |
| 22 | usually | usually | ADV | _ | 25 tear | advmod |
| 23 | not | not | PART | Polarity=Neg | 25 tear | advmod |
| 24 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 25 tear | det |
| 25 | tear | tear | NOUN | Number=Sing | 15 cramp | conj |
| 26 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 29 passes | punct |
| 27 | it | it | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 29 passes | nsubj |
| 28 | usually | usually | ADV | _ | 29 passes | advmod |
| 29 | passes | pass | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 4 muscle | parataxis |
| 30 | in | in | ADP | _ | 31 minutes | case |
| 31 | minutes | minute | NOUN | Number=Plur | 29 passes | obl |
| 32 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 37 ache | punct |
| 33 | though | though | SCONJ | _ | 37 ache | mark |
| 34 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 35 muscle | det |
| 35 | muscle | muscle | NOUN | Number=Sing | 37 ache | nsubj |
| 36 | can | can | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 37 ache | aux |
| 37 | ache | ache | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 29 passes | advcl |
| 38 | afterwards | afterwards | ADV | _ | 37 ache | advmod |
| 39 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 4 muscle | punct |
Pragmatics
- form
- statement
- act
- assert
- voice
- narrator
- polarity
- none
- teacher
- changed polarity=none
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | is a | present | Cramp | a muscle | tree rules | ||||
| 2 | tighten | gerund | a muscle not said here | suddenly property | vn other_cos-45.4 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient | ||||
| 3 | not relaxing | gerund | a muscle not said here | tree rules | |||||
| 4 | cramp | present | tired overworked muscles | easily property | tree rules | ||||
| 5 | not is a | present | Cramp | a tear | usually property | tree rules | |||
| 6 | pass | present | Cramp | minute | usually property | vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | |||
| 7 | ache | can | the muscle | afterwards property | vn marvel-31.3 «NP V»: agent=Experiencer |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:medicine:037-warming-up-stitches-and-cramp.lesson:14.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R7-rel-agree ×1, R8-pos-agree ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/medicine/37-warming-up-stitches-and-cramp/14/