Swimming out too far: sea, rivers, lakes and quarries, sentence 3
A drowning person usually can't shout or wave; they bob quietly with the mouth at the water line, so if someone in the water looks wrong, you shout for a lifeguard or adult straight away.
Who acts: drowning person, children, someone, you · What happens: drown, not shout, wave, bob, look, shout
This is a sentence of the lesson «Swimming out too far: sea, rivers, lakes and quarries» of the medicine course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (drowning person, children, someone, you), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | A | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 3 person | det |
| 2 | drowning | drown | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 3 person | amod |
| 3 | person | person | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 shout | nsubj |
| 4 | usually | usually | ADV | _ | 7 shout | advmod |
| 5 | ca | can | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 7 shout | aux |
| 6 | n't | not | PART | Polarity=Neg | 7 shout | advmod |
| 7 | shout | shout | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | root | root |
| 8 | or | or | CCONJ | _ | 9 wave | cc |
| 9 | wave | wave | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 7 shout | conj |
| 10 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 12 bob | punct |
| 11 | they | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 12 bob | nsubj |
| 12 | bob | bob | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 7 shout | parataxis |
| 13 | quietly | quietly | ADV | _ | 12 bob | advmod |
| 14 | with | with | ADP | _ | 16 mouth | case |
| 15 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 16 mouth | det |
| 16 | mouth | mouth | NOUN | Number=Sing | 12 bob | obl |
| 17 | at | at | ADP | _ | 20 line | case |
| 18 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 20 line | det |
| 19 | water | water | NOUN | Number=Sing | 20 line | compound |
| 20 | line | line | NOUN | Number=Sing | 16 mouth | nmod |
| 21 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 32 shout | punct |
| 22 | so | so | ADV | _ | 28 looks | advmod |
| 23 | if | if | SCONJ | _ | 28 looks | mark |
| 24 | someone | someone | PRON | Number=Sing PronType=Ind | 28 looks | nsubj |
| 25 | in | in | ADP | _ | 27 water | case |
| 26 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 27 water | det |
| 27 | water | water | NOUN | Number=Sing | 24 someone | nmod |
| 28 | looks | look | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 32 shout | advcl |
| 29 | wrong | wrong | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 28 looks | xcomp |
| 30 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 32 shout | punct |
| 31 | you | you | PRON | Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs | 32 shout | nsubj |
| 32 | shout | shout | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=2 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 7 shout | parataxis |
| 33 | for | for | ADP | _ | 35 lifeguard | case |
| 34 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 35 lifeguard | det |
| 35 | lifeguard | lifeguard | NOUN | Number=Sing | 32 shout | obl |
| 36 | or | or | CCONJ | _ | 37 adult | cc |
| 37 | adult | adult | NOUN | Number=Sing | 35 lifeguard | conj |
| 38 | straight | straight | ADV | _ | 39 away | advmod |
| 39 | away | away | ADV | _ | 32 shout | advmod |
| 40 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 7 shout | punct |
Pragmatics
No stored speech act for this sentence.
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | drown | gerund | vn poison-42.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent | ||||||
| 2 | not shout speech: express | can | a drowning person | usually property | vn manner_speaking-37.3 «NP V»: agent=Agent | ||||
| 3 | wave | infinitive | a drowning person not said here | vn wink-40.3.1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | |||||
| 4 | bob | present | children = child | with the mouth at the water line; quietly property | vn curtsey-40.3.3 «NP V»: agent=Agent | ||||
| 5 | look | present | someone | wrong property | vn stimulus_subject-30.4 «NP V ADJ»: agent=Stimulus | ||||
| 6 | shout speech: express | present | you | for a lifeguard or adult; away property | vn manner_speaking-37.3 «NP V PP.recipient S_INF»: agent=Agent for lifeguard=Recipient |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:medicine:071-swimming-out-too-far-sea-rivers-lakes-and-quarries.lesson:3.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R6-punct-agree ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/medicine/71-swimming-out-too-far-sea-rivers-lakes-and-quarries/3/