When money is tight: "we can't afford it", sentence 2
Lots of good, hard-working families go through tight months: a job ends, a bill jumps, someone gets ill; food banks, free school meals and second-hand shops exist exactly for times like that, and there is no shame in using them.
Who acts: Lots, job, bill, someone, food banks, shame · What happens: work, go through, end, jump, get, exist · To what, where: tight months, bills
This is a sentence of the lesson «When money is tight: "we can't afford it"» of the money course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Lots, job, bill, someone), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Lots | lot | NOUN | Number=Plur | 9 go | nsubj |
| 2 | of | of | ADP | _ | 8 families | case |
| 3 | good | good | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 8 families | amod |
| 4 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 5 hard | punct |
| 5 | hard | hard | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 7 working | advmod |
| 6 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 5 hard | punct |
| 7 | working | work | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 8 families | amod |
| 8 | families | family | NOUN | Number=Plur | 1 Lots | nmod |
| 9 | go | go | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 10 | through | through | ADV | _ | 9 go | advmod |
| 11 | tight | tight | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 12 months | amod |
| 12 | months | month | NOUN | Number=Plur | 9 go | obl |
| 13 | : | : | PUNCT | _ | 16 ends | punct |
| 14 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 15 job | det |
| 15 | job | job | NOUN | Number=Sing | 16 ends | nsubj |
| 16 | ends | end | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 12 months | acl:relcl |
| 17 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 20 jumps | punct |
| 18 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 19 bill | det |
| 19 | bill | bill | NOUN | Number=Sing | 20 jumps | nsubj |
| 20 | jumps | jump | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 16 ends | conj |
| 21 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 23 gets | punct |
| 22 | someone | someone | PRON | Number=Sing PronType=Ind | 23 gets | nsubj |
| 23 | gets | get | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 20 jumps | ccomp |
| 24 | ill | ill | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 23 gets | xcomp |
| 25 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 27 banks | punct |
| 26 | food | food | NOUN | Number=Sing | 27 banks | compound |
| 27 | banks | bank | NOUN | Number=Plur | 37 exist | nsubj |
| 28 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 31 meals | punct |
| 29 | free | free | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 30 school | amod |
| 30 | school | school | NOUN | Number=Sing | 31 meals | compound |
| 31 | meals | meal | NOUN | Number=Plur | 27 banks | conj |
| 32 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 36 shops | cc |
| 33 | second | second | ADJ | Degree=Pos NumForm=Word NumType=Ord | 35 hand | amod |
| 34 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 33 second | punct |
| 35 | hand | hand | NOUN | Number=Sing | 36 shops | compound |
| 36 | shops | shop | NOUN | Number=Plur | 27 banks | conj |
| 37 | exist | exist | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 23 gets | parataxis |
| 38 | exactly | exactly | ADV | _ | 37 exist | advmod |
| 39 | for | for | ADP | _ | 40 times | case |
| 40 | times | time | NOUN | Number=Plur | 37 exist | obl |
| 41 | like | like | ADP | _ | 42 that | case |
| 42 | that | that | PRON | Number=Sing PronType=Dem | 40 times | nmod |
| 43 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 46 is | punct |
| 44 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 46 is | cc |
| 45 | there | there | PRON | _ | 46 is | expl |
| 46 | is | be | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 37 exist | conj |
| 47 | no | no | DET | PronType=Neg | 48 shame | det |
| 48 | shame | shame | NOUN | Number=Sing | 46 is | nsubj |
| 49 | in | in | SCONJ | _ | 50 using | mark |
| 50 | using | use | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 48 shame | acl |
| 51 | them | they | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 50 using | obj |
| 52 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 9 go | punct |
Pragmatics
- form
- statement
- act
- assert
- voice
- narrator
- polarity
- none
- teacher
- kept the draft
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | work | gerund | vn employment-95.3 «NP V»: agent=Agent | ||||||
| 2 | go through | present | Lots of good working families | month | through property | vn disappearance-48.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | |||
| 3 | end | present | a job | tight months not said here | vn stop-55.4-1-1 «NP V NP.eventuality»: agent=Subeventuality month=Eventuality | ||||
| 4 | jump | present | a bill | tree rules | |||||
| 5 | get | present | someone | ill property | vn comprehend-87.2-1 «NP V S_ING»: agent=Experiencer | ||||
| 6 | exist | present | food banks and school meals and hand shops | time | exactly property | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | |||
| 7 | be | present | no shame | there | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | ||||
| 8 | use | gerund | no shame not said here | bills = bill | vn eat-39.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent they=Patient |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:money:023-when-money-is-tight.lesson:2.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×3, R6-punct-agree ×1, R7-rel-agree ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/money/23-when-money-is-tight/2/