When money is tight: "we can't afford it", sentence 1
Picture Leo asking for a £200 bike when his family has £50 spare this month: they are £150 short, so the answer is "not now", even though Mum would love to say yes.
Who acts: you, family, things, answer, Mum, yes · What happens: picture, ask, have, spare, be, not be · To what, where: Leo · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of the lesson «When money is tight: "we can't afford it"» of the money course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (you, family, things, answer), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Picture | picture | VERB | Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 2 | Leo | Leo | PROPN | Number=Sing | 1 Picture | obj |
| 3 | asking | ask | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 1 Picture | xcomp |
| 4 | for | for | ADP | _ | 8 bike | case |
| 5 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 8 bike | det |
| 6 | £ | £ | SYM | _ | 8 bike | compound |
| 7 | 200 | 200 | NUM | NumForm=Digit NumType=Card | 6 £ | nummod |
| 8 | bike | bike | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 asking | obl |
| 9 | when | when | SCONJ | _ | 12 has | mark |
| 10 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 11 family | nmod:poss |
| 11 | family | family | NOUN | Number=Sing | 12 has | nsubj |
| 12 | has | have | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 3 asking | advcl |
| 13 | £ | £ | SYM | _ | 12 has | obj |
| 14 | 50 | 50 | NUM | NumForm=Digit NumType=Card | 13 £ | nummod |
| 15 | spare | spare | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 12 has | xcomp |
| 16 | this | this | DET | Number=Sing PronType=Dem | 17 month | det |
| 17 | month | month | NOUN | Number=Sing | 12 has | obl:unmarked |
| 18 | : | : | PUNCT | _ | 23 short | punct |
| 19 | they | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 23 short | nsubj |
| 20 | are | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 23 short | cop |
| 21 | £ | £ | SYM | _ | 23 short | obl:unmarked |
| 22 | 150 | 150 | NUM | NumForm=Digit NumType=Card | 21 £ | nummod |
| 23 | short | short | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 1 Picture | parataxis |
| 24 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 31 now | punct |
| 25 | so | so | ADV | _ | 31 now | advmod |
| 26 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 27 answer | det |
| 27 | answer | answer | NOUN | Number=Sing | 31 now | nsubj |
| 28 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 31 now | cop |
| 29 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 31 now | punct |
| 30 | not | not | PART | Polarity=Neg | 31 now | advmod |
| 31 | now | now | ADV | PronType=Dem | 1 Picture | parataxis |
| 32 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 31 now | punct |
| 33 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 31 now | punct |
| 34 | even | even | ADV | _ | 38 love | advmod |
| 35 | though | though | SCONJ | _ | 38 love | mark |
| 36 | Mum | mum | NOUN | Number=Sing | 38 love | nsubj |
| 37 | would | would | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 38 love | aux |
| 38 | love | love | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 31 now | advcl |
| 39 | to | to | PART | _ | 40 say | mark |
| 40 | say | say | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 38 love | xcomp |
| 41 | yes | yes | NOUN | Number=Sing | 40 say | obj |
| 42 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 1 Picture | punct |
Pragmatics
- form
- command
- act
- other
- voice
- character
- polarity
- none
- teacher
- changed form=imp, act=other
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | picture | imperative | you not said here | Leo | vn characterize-29.2 «NP V NP to be ADJ»: agent=Agent leo=Theme clause=Attribute | ||||
| 2 | ask speech: ask | gerund | you not said here | for a £ bike | vn inquire-37.1.2 «NP V»: agent=Agent | ||||
| 3 | have | present | Leo's family | month | tree rules | ||||
| 4 | spare | infinitive | Leo's family not said here | vn bill-54.5 «NP V NP NP.asset»: agent=Agent | |||||
| 5 | is | present | things = thing | short property | tree rules | ||||
| 6 | not is in a quote | present | the answer | now property | tree rules | ||||
| 7 | love | would | Mum | vn admire-31.2-1 «NP V S_INF»: agent=Experiencer clause=Stimulus | |||||
| 8 | say speech: assert not said to happen | to-infinitive | yes | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:money:023-when-money-is-tight.lesson:1.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1, R6-punct-agree ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/money/23-when-money-is-tight/1/