What a bank does with your money and why banks lend, sentence 2
Banks lend to help people buy homes and start businesses, like Ruby's aunt opening a bakery, but first they check the borrower can pay back, because a loan that is never repaid is lost money.
Who acts: Banks, people, aunt, borrower · What happens: lend, help, buy, start, open, check · To what, where: homes, bakery, loan
This is a sentence of the lesson «What a bank does with your money and why banks lend» of the money course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Banks, people, aunt, borrower), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Banks | bank | NOUN | Number=Plur | 2 lend | nsubj |
| 2 | lend | lend | VERB | Mood=Ind Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 3 | to | to | PART | _ | 4 help | mark |
| 4 | help | help | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 2 lend | advcl |
| 5 | people | people | NOUN | Number=Plur | 6 buy | nsubj |
| 6 | buy | buy | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 4 help | xcomp |
| 7 | homes | home | NOUN | Number=Plur | 6 buy | obj |
| 8 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 10 businesses | cc |
| 9 | start | start | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 6 buy | conj |
| 10 | businesses | business | NOUN | Number=Plur | 7 homes | conj |
| 11 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 15 aunt | punct |
| 12 | like | like | ADP | _ | 15 aunt | case |
| 13 | Ruby | Ruby | PROPN | Number=Sing | 15 aunt | nmod:poss |
| 14 | 's | 's | PART | _ | 13 Ruby | case |
| 15 | aunt | aunt | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 homes | conj |
| 16 | opening | open | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 15 aunt | acl |
| 17 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 18 bakery | det |
| 18 | bakery | bakery | NOUN | Number=Sing | 16 opening | obj |
| 19 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 23 check | punct |
| 20 | but | but | CCONJ | _ | 23 check | cc |
| 21 | first | first | ADV | NumForm=Word NumType=Ord | 23 check | advmod |
| 22 | they | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 23 check | nsubj |
| 23 | check | check | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 2 lend | conj |
| 24 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 25 borrower | det |
| 25 | borrower | borrower | NOUN | Number=Sing | 27 pay | nsubj |
| 26 | can | can | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 27 pay | aux |
| 27 | pay | pay | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 23 check | ccomp |
| 28 | back | back | ADV | _ | 27 pay | advmod |
| 29 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 38 lost | punct |
| 30 | because | because | SCONJ | _ | 38 lost | mark |
| 31 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 32 loan | det |
| 32 | loan | loan | NOUN | Number=Sing | 38 lost | nsubj:pass |
| 33 | that | that | PRON | PronType=Rel | 36 repaid | nsubj:pass |
| 34 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 36 repaid | aux:pass |
| 35 | never | never | ADV | PronType=Neg | 36 repaid | advmod |
| 36 | repaid | repay | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 32 loan | acl:relcl |
| 37 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 38 lost | aux:pass |
| 38 | lost | lose | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 27 pay | advcl |
| 39 | money | money | NOUN | Number=Sing | 38 lost | obj |
| 40 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 2 lend | punct |
Pragmatics
No stored speech act for this sentence.
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | lend | present | Banks | vn give-13.1 «NP V PP.recipient»: agent=Agent | |||||
| 2 | help | to-infinitive | Banks not said here | vn help-72.1-1-1 «NP V NP S_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Theme | |||||
| 3 | buy | infinitive | people | homes and businesses and Ruby's aunt | vn accept-77.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent home=Theme | ||||
| 4 | start | infinitive | people not said here | vn begin-55.1-1-1 «NP.eventuality V»: agent=Eventuality | |||||
| 5 | open | gerund | Ruby's aunt not said here | a bakery | vn spatial_configuration-47.6-1 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location bakery=Theme | ||||
| 6 | check | present | people | first property | tree rules | ||||
| 7 | pay back | can | the borrower | vn pay-68-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent | |||||
| 8 | not repay | present · passive | a loan | vn equip-13.4.2-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: subject=Recipient | |||||
| 9 | lose | present · passive | a loan | tree rules |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:money:028-what-a-bank-does-with-your-money.lesson:2.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1, R7-rel-agree ×2. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/money/28-what-a-bank-does-with-your-money/2/