The lemonade stand: cost, price, profit and loss, sentence 10

Competition means other businesses selling the same thing; when a rival sells cheaper, sales can drop, like from 20 cups to 12, which is 12 × 50p = £6.

Who acts: Competition, other businesses, rival, sales · What happens: mean, sell, drop, be · To what, where: other businesses, same thing, 20 cups, 12

This is a sentence of the lesson «The lemonade stand: cost, price, profit and loss» of the money course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Competition, other businesses, rival, sales), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Competition	competition	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 means	nsubj
2	means	mean	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	other	other	ADJ	Degree=Pos	4 businesses	amod
4	businesses	business	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 means	obj
5	selling	sell	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	4 businesses	acl
6	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	8 thing	det
7	same	same	ADJ	Degree=Pos	8 thing	amod
8	thing	thing	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 selling	obj
9	;	;	PUNCT	_	13 sells	punct
10	when	when	ADV	PronType=Int	13 sells	advmod
11	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	12 rival	det
12	rival	rival	NOUN	Number=Sing	13 sells	nsubj
13	sells	sell	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	18 drop	advcl
14	cheaper	cheap	ADV	Degree=Cmp	13 sells	advmod
15	,	,	PUNCT	_	18 drop	punct
16	sales	sale	NOUN	Number=Plur	18 drop	nsubj
17	can	can	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	18 drop	aux
18	drop	drop	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	2 means	parataxis
19	,	,	PUNCT	_	23 cups	punct
20	like	like	ADP	_	23 cups	discourse
21	from	from	ADP	_	23 cups	case
22	20	20	NUM	NumForm=Digit NumType=Card	23 cups	nummod
23	cups	cup	NOUN	Number=Plur	18 drop	obl
24	to	to	ADP	_	25 12	case
25	12	12	NUM	NumForm=Digit NumType=Card	23 cups	nmod
26	,	,	PUNCT	_	29 12	punct
27	which	which	PRON	PronType=Rel	33 =	nsubj
28	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	29 12	cop
29	12	12	NUM	NumForm=Digit NumType=Card	32 p	nummod
30	×	×	SYM	Number=Sing	32 p	compound
31	50	50	NUM	NumForm=Digit NumType=Card	30 ×	flat
32	p	p	NOUN	Number=Sing	33 =	nsubj
33	=	=	SYM	_	23 cups	acl:relcl
34	£	£	SYM	_	33 =	obj
35	6	6	NUM	NumForm=Digit NumType=Card	34 £	nummod
36	.	.	PUNCT	_	2 means	punct

Pragmatics

form: statement
act: assert
voice: narrator
polarity: none
teacher: changed polarity=none

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	where	other	roles by
1	mean	present	Competition	other businesses			vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent business=Topic
2	sell	gerund	other businesses not said here	the same thing			vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent thing=Theme
3	sell	present	a rival			cheap property	vn give-13.1-1 «NP V PP.recipient»: agent=Agent
4	drop	can	sales		20 cups to 12		vn roll-51.3.1 «NP V PP.trajectory»: agent=Theme from cup=Trajectory
5	is a	present		12			tree rules

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:money:031-the-lemonade-stand-cost-price-profit-and-loss.lesson:10.

The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×2, R7-rel-agree ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the release 0.4.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/money/31-the-lemonade-stand-cost-price-profit-and-loss/10/