Money's history: shells, coins, paper, cards, phones, sentence 4
Long ago, in parts of Africa and Asia, small shiny cowrie shells were used as money.
What happens: use · To what, where: small shiny cowrie shells, parts
This is a sentence of the lesson «Money's history: shells, coins, paper, cards, phones» of the money course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Long | long | ADV | Degree=Pos | 2 ago | advmod |
| 2 | ago | ago | ADV | _ | 16 used | advmod |
| 3 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 2 ago | punct |
| 4 | in | in | ADP | _ | 5 parts | case |
| 5 | parts | part | NOUN | Number=Plur | 16 used | obl |
| 6 | of | of | ADP | _ | 7 Africa | case |
| 7 | Africa | Africa | PROPN | Number=Sing | 5 parts | nmod |
| 8 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 9 Asia | cc |
| 9 | Asia | Asia | PROPN | Number=Sing | 7 Africa | conj |
| 10 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 5 parts | punct |
| 11 | small | small | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 14 shells | amod |
| 12 | shiny | shiny | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 14 shells | amod |
| 13 | cowrie | cowrie | NOUN | Number=Sing | 14 shells | compound |
| 14 | shells | shell | NOUN | Number=Plur | 16 used | nsubj:pass |
| 15 | were | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 16 used | aux:pass |
| 16 | used | use | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | root | root |
| 17 | as | as | ADP | _ | 18 money | case |
| 18 | money | money | NOUN | Number=Sing | 16 used | obl |
| 19 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 16 used | punct |
Pragmatics
No stored speech act for this sentence.
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | use | past · passive | small shiny cowrie shells | parts of Africa and Asia | as money; ago property | vn spend_time-104 «NP V NP PP.attribute»: subject=Duration as money=Attribute |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:money:005-money-s-history-shells-coins-paper-cards-phones.lesson:4.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): no change. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/money/5-money-s-history-shells-coins-paper-cards-phones/4/