Saving up for a game, sentence 7
Borrowing means taking money you must pay back; money you owe is called a debt.
Who acts: you · What happens: borrow, mean, take, pay back, owe, call · To what, where: money · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of the lesson «Saving up for a game» of the money course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (you), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Borrowing | borrow | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 2 means | nsubj |
| 2 | means | mean | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 3 | taking | take | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 2 means | xcomp |
| 4 | money | money | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 taking | obj |
| 5 | you | you | PRON | Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs | 7 pay | nsubj |
| 6 | must | must | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 7 pay | aux |
| 7 | pay | pay | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 4 money | acl:relcl |
| 8 | back | back | ADV | _ | 7 pay | advmod |
| 9 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 14 called | punct |
| 10 | money | money | NOUN | Number=Sing | 14 called | nsubj:pass |
| 11 | you | you | PRON | Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs | 12 owe | nsubj |
| 12 | owe | owe | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=2 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 10 money | acl:relcl |
| 13 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 14 called | aux:pass |
| 14 | called | call | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 2 means | parataxis |
| 15 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 16 debt | det |
| 16 | debt | debt | NOUN | Number=Sing | 14 called | xcomp |
| 17 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 2 means | punct |
Pragmatics
No stored speech act for this sentence.
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | borrow | gerund | vn obtain-13.5.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent | ||||||
| 2 | mean | present | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | ||||||
| 3 | take not said to happen | gerund | money | vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent money=Theme | |||||
| 4 | pay back | must | you | money not said here | vn pay-68-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent money=Asset | ||||
| 5 | owe | present | you | money not said here | vn future_having-13.3 «NP V NP.theme (PP)»: agent=Agent money=Theme | ||||
| 6 | call | present · passive | money | vn initiate_communication-37.4.2-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: subject=Recipient |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:money:008-saving-up-for-a-game.lesson:7.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R7-rel-agree ×2. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/money/8-saving-up-for-a-game/7/