Earth from space, sentence 2
The Wall is long but narrow and the same colour as the land around it, and astronauts, even China's first astronaut Yang Liwei, said they couldn't pick it out with their eyes; city lights at night are far easier.
Who acts: Wall, astronauts · What happens: be, say, not pick out · To what, where: Wall · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of the lesson «Earth from space» of the myths course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Wall, astronauts), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 2 Wall | det |
| 2 | Wall | wall | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 long | nsubj |
| 3 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 4 long | cop |
| 4 | long | long | ADJ | Degree=Pos | root | root |
| 5 | but | but | CCONJ | _ | 6 narrow | cc |
| 6 | narrow | narrow | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 4 long | conj |
| 7 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 10 colour | cc |
| 8 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 10 colour | det |
| 9 | same | same | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 10 colour | amod |
| 10 | colour | colour | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 long | conj |
| 11 | as | as | ADP | _ | 13 land | case |
| 12 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 13 land | det |
| 13 | land | land | NOUN | Number=Sing | 10 colour | nmod |
| 14 | around | around | ADP | _ | 15 it | case |
| 15 | it | it | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 13 land | nmod |
| 16 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 18 astronauts | punct |
| 17 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 18 astronauts | cc |
| 18 | astronauts | astronaut | NOUN | Number=Plur | 10 colour | conj |
| 19 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 24 astronaut | punct |
| 20 | even | even | ADV | _ | 24 astronaut | advmod |
| 21 | China | China | PROPN | Number=Sing | 24 astronaut | nmod:poss |
| 22 | 's | 's | PART | _ | 21 China | case |
| 23 | first | first | ADJ | Degree=Pos NumForm=Word NumType=Ord | 24 astronaut | amod |
| 24 | astronaut | astronaut | NOUN | Number=Sing | 18 astronauts | appos |
| 25 | Yang | Yang | PROPN | Number=Sing | 24 astronaut | appos |
| 26 | Liwei | Liwei | PROPN | Number=Sing | 25 Yang | flat |
| 27 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 10 colour | punct |
| 28 | said | say | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 4 long | conj |
| 29 | they | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 32 pick | nsubj |
| 30 | could | could | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 32 pick | aux |
| 31 | n't | not | PART | Polarity=Neg | 32 pick | advmod |
| 32 | pick | pick | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 28 said | ccomp |
| 33 | it | it | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 32 pick | obj |
| 34 | out | out | ADP | _ | 32 pick | compound:prt |
| 35 | with | with | ADP | _ | 37 eyes | case |
| 36 | their | their | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 37 eyes | nmod:poss |
| 37 | eyes | eye | NOUN | Number=Plur | 32 pick | obl |
| 38 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 40 lights | punct |
| 39 | city | city | NOUN | Number=Sing | 40 lights | compound |
| 40 | lights | light | NOUN | Number=Plur | 37 eyes | conj |
| 41 | at | at | ADP | _ | 42 night | case |
| 42 | night | night | NOUN | Number=Sing | 40 lights | nmod |
| 43 | are | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 45 easier | cop |
| 44 | far | far | ADV | Degree=Pos | 45 easier | advmod |
| 45 | easier | easy | ADJ | Degree=Cmp | 32 pick | parataxis |
| 46 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 4 long | punct |
Pragmatics
No stored speech act for this sentence.
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | is | present | the Wall | long property | tree rules | ||||
| 2 | be | the Wall not said here | tree rules | ||||||
| 3 | say speech: assert | past | the Wall not said here | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | |||||
| 4 | not pick out | could | astronauts = astronaut | Wall | with astronauts's eyes and city lights at night | vn chew-39.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent it=Patient | |||
| 5 | is | present | easy, far property | tree rules |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:myths:013-earth-from-space.lesson:2.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×2. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/myths/13-earth-from-space/2/