Explorers, scientists and inventors, sentence 11

Newton said seeing an apple fall from a tree helped him think about gravity; there is no evidence it hit him on the head.

Who acts: Newton, apple, seeing, evidence · What happens: say, see, fall, help, think, be · To what, where: tree, Newton · Speech: someone speaks here

This is a sentence of the lesson «Explorers, scientists and inventors» of the myths course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Newton, apple, seeing, evidence), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Newton	Newton	PROPN	Number=Sing	2 said	nsubj
2	said	say	VERB	Mood=Ind Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	seeing	see	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	10 helped	csubj
4	an	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	6 fall	det
5	apple	apple	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 fall	nsubj
6	fall	fall	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	3 seeing	xcomp
7	from	from	ADP	_	9 tree	case
8	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	9 tree	det
9	tree	tree	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 fall	obl
10	helped	help	VERB	Mood=Ind Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	2 said	ccomp
11	him	he	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	10 helped	obj
12	think	think	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	10 helped	xcomp
13	about	about	ADP	_	14 gravity	case
14	gravity	gravity	NOUN	Number=Sing	12 think	obl
15	;	;	PUNCT	_	17 is	punct
16	there	there	PRON	PronType=Dem	17 is	expl
17	is	be	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	2 said	parataxis
18	no	no	DET	PronType=Neg	19 evidence	det
19	evidence	evidence	NOUN	Number=Sing	17 is	nsubj
20	it	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	21 hit	nsubj
21	hit	hit	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	19 evidence	acl:relcl
22	him	he	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	21 hit	obj
23	on	on	ADP	_	25 head	case
24	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	25 head	det
25	head	head	NOUN	Number=Sing	21 hit	obl
26	.	.	PUNCT	_	2 said	punct

Pragmatics

No stored speech act for this sentence.

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	where	other	roles by
1	say speech: assert	past	Newton				vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic
2	see	gerund					vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V S_ING»: agent=Experiencer clause=Stimulus
3	fall	infinitive	apple		a tree		vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial_location»: agent=Theme from tree=Initial_Location
4	help	past	seeing	Newton			vn help-72.1-1-1 «NP V NP S_INF»: agent=Agent he=Beneficiary clause=Theme
5	think speech: other	infinitive	Newton not said here			about gravity	vn focus-87.1-1 «NP V PP.topic»: agent=Agent about gravity=Topic
6	be	present	no evidence		there		vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
7	hit	past	evidence	Newton		on the head	vn hit-18.1-1 «NP V NP PP»: agent=Agent he=Instrument on head=Patient

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:myths:020-explorers-scientists-and-inventors.lesson:11.

The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): no change. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the release 0.4.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/myths/20-explorers-scientists-and-inventors/11/