Why things fall: the apple and the pull of the Earth, sentence 12

Air pushes back on falling things, and it slows light, fluffy or flat things far more than heavy, compact ones.

Who acts: Air · What happens: push back, fall, slow · To what, where: light

This is a sentence of the lesson «Why things fall: the apple and the pull of the Earth» of the physics course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Air), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Air	air	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 pushes	nsubj
2	pushes	push	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	back	back	ADV	_	2 pushes	advmod
4	on	on	ADP	_	6 things	case
5	falling	fall	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	6 things	amod
6	things	thing	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 pushes	obl
7	,	,	PUNCT	_	10 slows	punct
8	and	and	CCONJ	_	10 slows	cc
9	it	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	10 slows	nsubj
10	slows	slow	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	2 pushes	conj
11	light	light	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 slows	obj
12	,	,	PUNCT	_	13 fluffy	punct
13	fluffy	fluffy	ADJ	Degree=Pos	11 light	conj
14	or	or	CCONJ	_	18 more	cc
15	flat	flat	ADJ	Degree=Pos	16 things	amod
16	things	thing	NOUN	Number=Plur	10 slows	obj
17	far	far	ADV	Degree=Pos	18 more	advmod
18	more	more	ADJ	Degree=Cmp	10 slows	conj
19	than	than	ADP	_	23 ones	case
20	heavy	heavy	ADJ	Degree=Pos	23 ones	amod
21	,	,	PUNCT	_	20 heavy	punct
22	compact	compact	ADJ	Degree=Pos	23 ones	amod
23	ones	one	NOUN	Number=Plur	18 more	obl
24	.	.	PUNCT	_	2 pushes	punct

Pragmatics

No stored speech act for this sentence.

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	other	roles by
1	push back	present	Air		on falling things	vn push-12-1-1 «NP V PP-Conative»: agent=Agent on thing=Theme
2	fall	gerund				vn occur-48.3 «NP V»: agent=Theme
3	slow	present	air	light		tree rules

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:physics:001-why-things-fall.lesson:12.

The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1, R7-rel-agree ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the release 0.4.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/physics/1-why-things-fall/12/