Why things fall: the apple and the pull of the Earth, sentence 15
A sheet of paper laid flat on top of a book falls with the book, because the book shields it from the air.
Who acts: sheet, book · What happens: lay, fall, shield · To what, where: sheet, top, air
This is a sentence of the lesson «Why things fall: the apple and the pull of the Earth» of the physics course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (sheet, book), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | A | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 2 sheet | det |
| 2 | sheet | sheet | NOUN | Number=Sing | 12 falls | nsubj |
| 3 | of | of | ADP | _ | 4 paper | case |
| 4 | paper | paper | NOUN | Number=Sing | 2 sheet | nmod |
| 5 | laid | lay | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | 2 sheet | acl |
| 6 | flat | flat | ADV | _ | 5 laid | advmod |
| 7 | on | on | ADP | _ | 8 top | case |
| 8 | top | top | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 laid | obl |
| 9 | of | of | ADP | _ | 11 book | case |
| 10 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 11 book | det |
| 11 | book | book | NOUN | Number=Sing | 8 top | nmod |
| 12 | falls | fall | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 13 | with | with | ADP | _ | 15 book | case |
| 14 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 15 book | det |
| 15 | book | book | NOUN | Number=Sing | 12 falls | obl |
| 16 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 20 shields | punct |
| 17 | because | because | SCONJ | _ | 20 shields | mark |
| 18 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 19 book | det |
| 19 | book | book | NOUN | Number=Sing | 20 shields | nsubj |
| 20 | shields | shield | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 12 falls | advcl |
| 21 | it | it | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 20 shields | obj |
| 22 | from | from | ADP | _ | 24 air | case |
| 23 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 24 air | det |
| 24 | air | air | NOUN | Number=Sing | 20 shields | obl |
| 25 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 12 falls | punct |
Pragmatics
No stored speech act for this sentence.
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | lay | participle | a sheet of paper not said here | top of a book | flat property | vn put_spatial-9.2 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent on top=Destination | |||
| 2 | fall | present | a sheet of paper | with the book | vn occur-48.3 «NP V»: agent=Theme | ||||
| 3 | shield | present | the book | sheet | the air | tree rules |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:physics:001-why-things-fall.lesson:15.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R7-rel-agree ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/physics/1-why-things-fall/15/