The air presses on everything, sentence 10
With a finger over the top of a straw, the drink stays in it, because the air below pushes up and no air can push down from above.
Who acts: drink, air · What happens: stay, push up, push down · To what, where: straw
This is a sentence of the lesson «The air presses on everything» of the physics course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (drink, air), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | With | with | ADP | _ | 3 finger | case |
| 2 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 3 finger | det |
| 3 | finger | finger | NOUN | Number=Sing | 13 stays | obl |
| 4 | over | over | ADP | _ | 6 top | case |
| 5 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 6 top | det |
| 6 | top | top | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 finger | nmod |
| 7 | of | of | ADP | _ | 9 straw | case |
| 8 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 9 straw | det |
| 9 | straw | straw | NOUN | Number=Sing | 6 top | nmod |
| 10 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 3 finger | punct |
| 11 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 12 drink | det |
| 12 | drink | drink | NOUN | Number=Sing | 13 stays | nsubj |
| 13 | stays | stay | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 14 | in | in | ADP | _ | 15 it | case |
| 15 | it | it | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 13 stays | obl |
| 16 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 21 pushes | punct |
| 17 | because | because | SCONJ | _ | 21 pushes | mark |
| 18 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 19 air | det |
| 19 | air | air | NOUN | Number=Sing | 21 pushes | nsubj |
| 20 | below | below | ADV | _ | 19 air | advmod |
| 21 | pushes | push | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 13 stays | advcl |
| 22 | up | up | ADP | _ | 21 pushes | compound:prt |
| 23 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 27 push | cc |
| 24 | no | no | DET | PronType=Neg | 25 air | det |
| 25 | air | air | NOUN | Number=Sing | 27 push | nsubj |
| 26 | can | can | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 27 push | aux |
| 27 | push | push | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 21 pushes | conj |
| 28 | down | down | ADP | _ | 27 push | compound:prt |
| 29 | from | from | ADP | _ | 30 above | case |
| 30 | above | above | ADV | _ | 27 push | obl |
| 31 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 13 stays | punct |
Pragmatics
No stored speech act for this sentence.
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | stay | present | the drink | straw | with a finger over the top of a straw | vn exist-47.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in it=Location | |||
| 2 | push up | present | the air | vn push-12-1-1 «NP V PP»: agent=Agent | |||||
| 3 | push down | can | no air | vn split-23.2 «NP V PP.co-patient»: agent=Patient from above=Co-Patient |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:physics:014-the-air-presses-on-everything.lesson:10.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): no change. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/physics/14-the-air-presses-on-everything/10/