The air presses on everything, sentence 11
A card can hold the water in an upside-down full glass, because the air pushes up on the card harder than the water pushes down.
Who acts: card, air, water · What happens: hold, push up, push down · To what, where: water, upside full glass
This is a sentence of the lesson «The air presses on everything» of the physics course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (card, air, water), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | A | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 2 card | det |
| 2 | card | card | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 hold | nsubj |
| 3 | can | can | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 4 hold | aux |
| 4 | hold | hold | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | root | root |
| 5 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 6 water | det |
| 6 | water | water | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 hold | obj |
| 7 | in | in | ADP | _ | 13 glass | case |
| 8 | an | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 13 glass | det |
| 9 | upside | upside | NOUN | Number=Sing | 13 glass | compound |
| 10 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 11 down | punct |
| 11 | down | down | ADV | _ | 9 upside | advmod |
| 12 | full | full | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 13 glass | amod |
| 13 | glass | glass | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 hold | obl |
| 14 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 18 pushes | punct |
| 15 | because | because | SCONJ | _ | 18 pushes | mark |
| 16 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 17 air | det |
| 17 | air | air | NOUN | Number=Sing | 18 pushes | nsubj |
| 18 | pushes | push | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 4 hold | advcl |
| 19 | up | up | ADP | _ | 18 pushes | compound:prt |
| 20 | on | on | ADP | _ | 22 card | case |
| 21 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 22 card | det |
| 22 | card | card | NOUN | Number=Sing | 18 pushes | obl |
| 23 | harder | hard | ADV | Degree=Cmp | 18 pushes | advmod |
| 24 | than | than | SCONJ | _ | 27 pushes | mark |
| 25 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 26 water | det |
| 26 | water | water | NOUN | Number=Sing | 27 pushes | nsubj |
| 27 | pushes | push | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 23 harder | advcl |
| 28 | down | down | ADV | _ | 27 pushes | compound:prt |
| 29 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 4 hold | punct |
Pragmatics
No stored speech act for this sentence.
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | hold | can | a card | the water | a upside full glass | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP PP.location»: agent=Agent water=Theme in glass=Location | |||
| 2 | push up | present | the air | on the card; hard property | vn push-12-1-1 «NP V PP-Conative»: agent=Agent on card=Theme | ||||
| 3 | push down | present | the water | vn push-12-1-1 «NP V PP»: agent=Agent |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:physics:014-the-air-presses-on-everything.lesson:11.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R7-rel-agree ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/physics/14-the-air-presses-on-everything/11/