Wind and weather, sentence 11

A windsock shows which way the wind blows, and pilots take off into the wind because it gives the wings more air flowing over them.

Who acts: windsock, wind, pilots, more air · What happens: show, blow, take off, give, flow · To what, where: way, wind, more air, wings · Speech: someone speaks here

This is a sentence of the lesson «Wind and weather» of the physics course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (windsock, wind, pilots, more air), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	A	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	2 windsock	det
2	windsock	windsock	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 shows	nsubj
3	shows	show	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	which	which	DET	PronType=Int	5 way	det
5	way	way	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 blows	obl
6	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	7 wind	det
7	wind	wind	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 blows	nsubj
8	blows	blow	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 shows	ccomp
9	,	,	PUNCT	_	12 take	punct
10	and	and	CCONJ	_	12 take	cc
11	pilots	pilot	NOUN	Number=Plur	12 take	nsubj
12	take	take	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 shows	conj
13	off	off	ADP	_	12 take	compound:prt
14	into	into	ADP	_	16 wind	case
15	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	16 wind	det
16	wind	wind	NOUN	Number=Sing	12 take	obl
17	because	because	SCONJ	_	19 gives	mark
18	it	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	19 gives	nsubj
19	gives	give	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	12 take	advcl
20	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	21 wings	det
21	wings	wing	NOUN	Number=Plur	19 gives	iobj
22	more	more	ADJ	Degree=Cmp	23 air	amod
23	air	air	NOUN	Number=Sing	19 gives	obj
24	flowing	flow	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	23 air	acl
25	over	over	ADP	_	26 them	case
26	them	they	PRON	Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	24 flowing	obl
27	.	.	PUNCT	_	3 shows	punct

Pragmatics

No stored speech act for this sentence.

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	other	roles by
1	show	present	a windsock					vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V how S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic
2	blow	present	the wind	which way				vn split-23.2 «NP V apart»: agent=Patient
3	take off	present	pilots			the wind		vn remove-10.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent
4	give	present	Wind	more air	the wings			vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP-Dative NP»: agent=Agent wing=Recipient air=Theme
5	flow	gerund	more air not said here				over pilots = pilot	vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme over they=Location

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:physics:015-wind-and-weather.lesson:11.

The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×2, R7-rel-agree ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the release 0.4.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/physics/15-wind-and-weather/11/