Wind and weather, sentence 6

On a sunny day the land warms faster than the sea, so warm air rises over the land and cooler sea air blows in; at night the land also cools faster than the sea, so the breeze often turns round and blows out to sea.

Who acts: land, warm air, cooler sea air, breeze · What happens: warm, rise, blow in, cool, turn round, blow out · To what, where: land, sea

This is a sentence of the lesson «Wind and weather» of the physics course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (land, warm air, cooler sea air, breeze), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	On	on	ADP	_	4 day	case
2	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	4 day	det
3	sunny	sunny	ADJ	Degree=Pos	4 day	amod
4	day	day	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 warms	obl
5	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	6 land	det
6	land	land	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 warms	nsubj
7	warms	warm	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
8	faster	fast	ADV	Degree=Cmp	7 warms	advmod
9	than	than	ADP	_	11 sea	case
10	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	11 sea	det
11	sea	sea	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 faster	obl
12	,	,	PUNCT	_	16 rises	punct
13	so	so	ADV	_	16 rises	advmod
14	warm	warm	ADJ	Degree=Pos	15 air	amod
15	air	air	NOUN	Number=Sing	16 rises	nsubj
16	rises	rise	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	7 warms	conj
17	over	over	ADP	_	19 land	case
18	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	19 land	det
19	land	land	NOUN	Number=Sing	16 rises	obl
20	and	and	CCONJ	_	24 blows	cc
21	cooler	cool	ADJ	Degree=Cmp	23 air	amod
22	sea	sea	NOUN	Number=Sing	23 air	compound
23	air	air	NOUN	Number=Sing	24 blows	nsubj
24	blows	blow	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	16 rises	conj
25	in	in	ADP	_	24 blows	compound:prt
26	;	;	PUNCT	_	32 cools	punct
27	at	at	ADP	_	28 night	case
28	night	night	NOUN	Number=Sing	32 cools	obl
29	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	30 land	det
30	land	land	NOUN	Number=Sing	32 cools	nsubj
31	also	also	ADV	_	32 cools	advmod
32	cools	cool	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	7 warms	parataxis
33	faster	fast	ADV	Degree=Cmp	32 cools	advmod
34	than	than	ADP	_	36 sea	case
35	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	36 sea	det
36	sea	sea	NOUN	Number=Sing	33 faster	obl
37	,	,	PUNCT	_	42 turns	punct
38	so	so	ADV	_	42 turns	advmod
39	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	40 breeze	det
40	breeze	breeze	NOUN	Number=Sing	42 turns	nsubj
41	often	often	ADV	_	42 turns	advmod
42	turns	turn	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	32 cools	parataxis
43	round	round	ADV	_	42 turns	advmod
44	and	and	CCONJ	_	45 blows	cc
45	blows	blow	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	42 turns	conj
46	out	out	ADP	_	45 blows	compound:prt
47	to	to	ADP	_	48 sea	case
48	sea	sea	NOUN	Number=Sing	45 blows	obl
49	.	.	PUNCT	_	7 warms	punct

Pragmatics

No stored speech act for this sentence.

#	verb	tense, mood	who	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	warm	present	the land			day	fast property	vn other_cos-45.4 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient
2	rise	present	warm air		the land			vn assuming_position-50 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent over land=Location
3	blow in	present	cooler sea air					vn split-23.2 «NP V apart»: agent=Patient
4	cool	present	the land			night	fast property	vn other_cos-45.4 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient
5	turn round	present	the breeze				often, round property	vn roll-51.3.1 «NP.theme V»: agent=Theme
6	blow out	present	the breeze not said here	sea				vn crane-40.3.2 «NP V NP PP.recipient»: agent=Agent to sea=Recipient

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:physics:015-wind-and-weather.lesson:6.

The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1, R7-rel-agree ×2. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the release 0.4.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/physics/15-wind-and-weather/6/