Pressure tricks: pumps, tyres and vacuums, sentence 6
A punctured tyre goes flat because the squashed air inside escapes through the hole to the lower pressure outside.
Who acts: punctured tyre, squashed air · What happens: puncture, go, squash, escape · To what, where: hole
This is a sentence of the lesson «Pressure tricks: pumps, tyres and vacuums» of the physics course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (punctured tyre, squashed air), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | A | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 3 tyre | det |
| 2 | punctured | puncture | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 3 tyre | amod |
| 3 | tyre | tyre | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 goes | nsubj |
| 4 | goes | go | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 5 | flat | flat | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 4 goes | xcomp |
| 6 | because | because | SCONJ | _ | 11 escapes | mark |
| 7 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 9 air | det |
| 8 | squashed | squash | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 9 air | amod |
| 9 | air | air | NOUN | Number=Sing | 11 escapes | nsubj |
| 10 | inside | inside | ADV | _ | 9 air | advmod |
| 11 | escapes | escape | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 4 goes | advcl |
| 12 | through | through | ADP | _ | 14 hole | case |
| 13 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 14 hole | det |
| 14 | hole | hole | NOUN | Number=Sing | 11 escapes | obl |
| 15 | to | to | ADP | _ | 18 pressure | case |
| 16 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 18 pressure | det |
| 17 | lower | low | ADJ | Degree=Cmp | 18 pressure | amod |
| 18 | pressure | pressure | NOUN | Number=Sing | 11 escapes | obl |
| 19 | outside | outside | ADV | _ | 18 pressure | advmod |
| 20 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 4 goes | punct |
Pragmatics
- form
- statement
- act
- assert
- voice
- narrator
- polarity
- none
- teacher
- kept the draft
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | puncture | participle | vn poke-19 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent | ||||||
| 2 | go | present | a punctured tyre | flat property | vn disappearance-48.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | ||||
| 3 | squash | participle | vn bump-18.4-1 «NP V together»: agent=Theme | ||||||
| 4 | escape | present | the squashed air | the hole | to the lower pressure | vn escape-51.1-1-1 «NP V PP.initial_location PP.destination»: agent=Theme through hole=Initial_Location to pressure=Destination |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:physics:016-pressure-tricks-pumps-tyres-vacuums.lesson:6.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×2, R7-rel-agree ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/physics/16-pressure-tricks-pumps-tyres-vacuums/6/