Pressure tricks: pumps, tyres and vacuums, sentence 7
In soapy water the air escaping from a punctured tube makes bubbles that show where the hole is.
Who acts: air, bubbles, hole · What happens: escape, puncture, make, show, be · To what, where: punctured tube, bubbles, soapy water · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of the lesson «Pressure tricks: pumps, tyres and vacuums» of the physics course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (air, bubbles, hole), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | In | in | ADP | _ | 3 water | case |
| 2 | soapy | soapy | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 3 water | amod |
| 3 | water | water | NOUN | Number=Sing | 11 makes | obl |
| 4 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 5 air | det |
| 5 | air | air | NOUN | Number=Sing | 11 makes | nsubj |
| 6 | escaping | escape | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 5 air | acl |
| 7 | from | from | ADP | _ | 10 tube | case |
| 8 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 10 tube | det |
| 9 | punctured | puncture | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 10 tube | amod |
| 10 | tube | tube | NOUN | Number=Sing | 6 escaping | obl |
| 11 | makes | make | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 12 | bubbles | bubble | NOUN | Number=Plur | 11 makes | obj |
| 13 | that | that | PRON | PronType=Rel | 14 show | nsubj |
| 14 | show | show | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 12 bubbles | acl:relcl |
| 15 | where | where | ADV | PronType=Rel | 18 is | advmod |
| 16 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 17 hole | det |
| 17 | hole | hole | NOUN | Number=Sing | 18 is | nsubj |
| 18 | is | be | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 14 show | ccomp |
| 19 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 11 makes | punct |
Pragmatics
No stored speech act for this sentence.
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | escape | gerund | the air not said here | a punctured tube | vn escape-51.1-1-1 «NP V PP.initial_location»: agent=Theme from tube=Initial_Location | ||||
| 2 | puncture | participle | vn poke-19 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent | ||||||
| 3 | make | present | the air | bubbles | soapy water | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset bubble=Product | |||
| 4 | show | present | bubbles | vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V how S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | |||||
| 5 | be | present | the hole | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:physics:016-pressure-tricks-pumps-tyres-vacuums.lesson:7.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): no change. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/physics/16-pressure-tricks-pumps-tyres-vacuums/7/