Thunder, sirens and how fast sound travels, sentence 10

Sound travels many times faster in steel than in air, but railway lines are deadly, because trains come faster and more quietly than you expect, and you must never go on them.

Who acts: Sound, railway lines, trains, you · What happens: travel, be, come, expect, not go · To what, where: steel

This is a sentence of the lesson «Thunder, sirens and how fast sound travels» of the physics course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Sound, railway lines, trains, you), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Sound	sound	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 travels	nsubj
2	travels	travel	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	many	many	ADJ	Degree=Pos	4 times	amod
4	times	time	NOUN	Number=Plur	5 faster	obl:unmarked
5	faster	fast	ADV	Degree=Cmp	2 travels	advmod
6	in	in	ADP	_	7 steel	case
7	steel	steel	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 travels	obl
8	than	than	ADP	_	10 air	mark
9	in	in	ADP	_	10 air	case
10	air	air	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 travels	obl
11	,	,	PUNCT	_	16 deadly	punct
12	but	but	CCONJ	_	16 deadly	cc
13	railway	railway	NOUN	Number=Sing	14 lines	compound
14	lines	line	NOUN	Number=Plur	16 deadly	nsubj
15	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	16 deadly	cop
16	deadly	deadly	ADJ	Degree=Pos	2 travels	conj
17	,	,	PUNCT	_	20 come	punct
18	because	because	SCONJ	_	20 come	mark
19	trains	train	NOUN	Number=Plur	20 come	nsubj
20	come	come	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	2 travels	conj
21	faster	fast	ADV	Degree=Cmp	20 come	advmod
22	and	and	CCONJ	_	33 go	cc
23	more	more	ADV	Degree=Cmp	24 quietly	advmod
24	quietly	quietly	ADV	_	21 faster	conj
25	than	than	SCONJ	_	27 expect	mark
26	you	you	PRON	Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs	27 expect	nsubj
27	expect	expect	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=2 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	24 quietly	advcl
28	,	,	PUNCT	_	33 go	punct
29	and	and	CCONJ	_	33 go	cc
30	you	you	PRON	Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs	33 go	nsubj
31	must	must	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	33 go	aux
32	never	never	ADV	PronType=Neg	33 go	advmod
33	go	go	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	20 come	conj
34	on	on	ADP	_	35 them	case
35	them	they	PRON	Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	33 go	obl
36	.	.	PUNCT	_	2 travels	punct

Pragmatics

form: statement
act: narrate
voice: narrator
polarity: none
teacher: kept the draft

#	verb	tense, mood	who	where	other	roles by
1	travel	present	Sound	steel	in air; fast property	vn run-51.3.2-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in steel=Trajectory
2	is	present	railway lines		deadly property	tree rules
3	come	infinitive	trains		fast property	vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
4	expect	present	you			vn conjecture-29.5-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent
5	not go	must	you		on trains = train	vn occur-48.3-2 «NP V PP»: agent=Theme on they=Location

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:physics:018-thunder-sirens-and-how-fast-sound-travels.lesson:10.

The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×2, R7-rel-agree ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the release 0.4.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/physics/18-thunder-sirens-and-how-fast-sound-travels/10/